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React过渡动画组件基础使用介绍

2024-04-02 19:04:59 906人浏览独家记忆

摘要

目录1. 基础使用2. 将animate.CSS集成到csstranIstion中3. 列表过渡4. switchTransition动画5. 路由切换过渡6. 高阶组件实现路由切换

1. 基础使用

介绍：

在项目中可能会给一些组件的显示或隐藏添加某种过渡动画，这样可以很好的增加用户的使用体验， React-transition-group 是 react 的第三方模块，借助这个模块可以实现动画切换效果。

安装：

yarn add react-transition-group

使用：

上面这张图描述了一个动画过渡的过程，它表示动画在入场阶段，透明度由0变为1，在出场阶段，透明度由1变为0。

接下来我们实现一下上述过程：

父组件：

import React, { Component } from 'react'
// CSSTransition 让元素有过渡效果，CSSTransition的子元素只能是一个
import { CSSTransition } from 'react-transition-group'
import './style/transistion.css'
class App extends Component {
  state = {
    show: true
  }
  render() {
    const { show } = this.state
    return (
      <div>
        <button onClick={() => this.setState(state => ({ show: !state.show }))}>显示/隐藏</button>
        <hr />
        {}
        <CSSTransition 
        in={show} 
        timeout={300} 
        classNames="fade"
        unmountOnExit={true}
        appear={true}
        >
          <div>
            <h3>我是内容</h3>
          </div>
        </CSSTransition>
      </div>
    )
  }
}
export default App

css样式：


.fade-enter,
.fade-exit-done,
.fade-appear {
  opacity: 0;
  
}

.fade-enter-active,
.fade-appear-active {
  opacity: 1;
  
  transition: opacity 300ms;
}

.fade-exit-active {
  opacity: 0;
  
  transition: all 300ms;
}

2. 将animate.css集成到csstranistion中

安装：

yarn add animate.css

使用：

父组件：

import React, { Component } from 'react'
// CSSTransition 让元素有过渡效果，CSSTransition子元素只能是一个
import { CSSTransition } from 'react-transition-group'
import 'animate.css'
// 注意这个文件要放在animate.css的下面，防止覆盖
import './style/transistion.css'
class App extends Component {
  state = {
    show: true
  }
  render() {
    const { show } = this.state
    return (
      <div>
        <button onClick={() => this.setState(state => ({ show: !state.show }))}>显示/隐藏</button>
        <hr />
        {}
        <CSSTransition
          in={show}
          timeout={300}
          // 自定义的类名
          classNames={{
            // 刚进入动画
            enter: 'animate__animated',
            // 刚退出动画
            exit: 'animate__animated',
            // 进入过程中
            enterActive: 'animate__fadeIn',
            // 退出过程中
            exitActive: 'animate__fadeOut'
          }}
          // 默认为真，即删除
          unmountOnExit
        >
          <div style={{ display: 'inline-block' }}>
            <h3>我是内容</h3>
          </div>
        </CSSTransition>
      </div>
    )
  }
}
export default App

css样式：

:root {
  
  
  --animate-duration: 300ms;
  
  --animate-delay: 300ms;
}

.fade-enter,
.fade-exit-done,
.fade-appear {
  opacity: 0;
  
}

.fade-enter-active,
.fade-appear-active {
  opacity: 1;
  
  transition: opacity 300ms;
}

.fade-exit-active {
  opacity: 0;
  
  transition: all 300ms;
}

3. 列表过渡

介绍：

当需要用到多个 css 动画过渡效果时，我们可以使用 TransitionGroup 组件将 CSSTransition 组件包裹起来，实现列表过渡。

注意：使用了 TransitionGroup 组件，则里面的 CSSTransition 属性中的 in 无效，要用唯一不重复的 key 来代替换，且 key 的值必须为字符串类型，否则报错。

使用：

父组件：

import React, { Component } from 'react'
// CSSTransition 让元素有过渡效果，CSSTransition子元素只能是一个
import { CSSTransition, TransitionGroup } from 'react-transition-group'
import './style/transistion.css'
class App extends Component {
  state = {
    todos: []
  }
  render() {
    const { todos } = this.state
    return (
      <div>
        <TransitionGroup>
          {}
          {todos.map((item, index) => (
            <CSSTransition key={index + ''} timeout={300} classNames="fade" unmountOnExit>
              <div>
                <span>{item}</span>
                <span
                  onClick={() => {
                    this.setState(state => ({
                      todos: state.todos.filter(val => val != item)
                    }))
                  }}
                >
                  -- 删除
                </span>
              </div>
            </CSSTransition>
          ))}
        </TransitionGroup>
        <hr />
        <button
          onClick={() => {
            this.setState(state => ({
              todos: [...state.todos, Date.now() + '']
            }))
          }}
        >
          添加任务
        </button>
      </div>
    )
  }
}
export default App

css样式：

:root {
  
  
  --animate-duration: 300ms;
  
  --animate-delay: 300ms;
}

.fade-enter,
.fade-exit-done,
.fade-appear {
  opacity: 0;
  
}

.fade-enter-active,
.fade-appear-active {
  opacity: 1;
  
  transition: opacity 300ms;
}

.fade-exit-active {
  opacity: 0;
  
  transition: all 300ms;
}

4. switchTransition动画

父组件：

import React, { Component } from 'react'
// CSSTransition 让元素有过渡效果，CSSTransition子元素只能是一个
import { CSSTransition, SwitchTransition } from 'react-transition-group'
import './style/transistion.css'
class App extends Component {
  state = {
    on: true
  }
  render() {
    const { on } = this.state
    return (
      <div>
        {}
        {}
        <SwitchTransition mode='out-in'>
          {}
          <CSSTransition key={on ? 'a' : 'b'} timeout={300} classNames="fade">
            <h3 style={{ display: 'inline-block' }}>{on ? '你好' : '再见'}</h3>
          </CSSTransition>
        </SwitchTransition>
        <hr />
        <button
          onClick={() => {
            this.setState(state => ({
              on: !state.on
            }))
          }}
        >
          改变
        </button>
      </div>
    )
  }
}
export default App

css样式：

:root {
  
  
  --animate-duration: 300ms;
  
  --animate-delay: 300ms;
}

.fade-enter,
.fade-exit-done,
.fade-appear {
  opacity: 0;
  transfORM: scale(.6);
}

.fade-enter-active,
.fade-appear-active {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1);
  transition: opacity 300ms,transform 300ms;
}

.fade-exit-active {
  opacity: 0;
  
  transition: all 300ms;
}

5. 路由切换过渡

父组件（注意这里的过渡动画样式 css 文件已在入口文件引入）：

import React, { Component } from 'react'
import { Switch, Route, Link, withRouter } from 'react-router-dom'
import { CSSTransition, TransitionGroup } from 'react-transition-group'
import RenderCmp from './views/Render'
import Login from './views/Login'
@withRouter
class App extends Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <Link to="/login">login</Link> --
        <Link to="/render">render</Link>
        <hr />
        {}
        <TransitionGroup>
          {}
          <CSSTransition timeout={300} key={this.props.location.key} classNames="router">
            <Switch>
              <Route path="/login" component={Login} />
              <Route path="/render" component={RenderCmp} />
            </Switch>
          </CSSTransition>
        </TransitionGroup>
      </div>
    )
  }
}
export default App

css样式：

:root {
  
  
  --animate-duration: 300ms;
  
  --animate-delay: 300ms;
}

.fade-enter,
.fade-exit-done,
.fade-appear {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(.6);
}

.fade-enter-active,
.fade-appear-active {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1);
  transition: opacity 300ms,transform 300ms;
}

.fade-exit-active {
  opacity: 0;
  
  transition: all 300ms;
}

.router-enter {
  opacity: 0;
}
.router-enter-active {
  opacity: 1;
  transition: all 300ms;
}
.router-exit-active {
  opacity: 0;
  transition: all 0ms;
}

6. 高阶组件实现路由切换过渡

介绍：

有些时候路由会特别多，而有些路由需要动画，有些则不需要，我们可以使用高阶组件，将需要过渡动画的路由用高阶组件包裹，没有包裹的路由则没有过渡动画。

使用：

父组件：

import React, { Component } from 'react'
import { Route, Link, withRouter } from 'react-router-dom'
import RenderCmp from './views/Render'
import Login from './views/Login'
@withRouter
class App extends Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <Link to="/login">login</Link> --
        <Link to="/render">render</Link>
        <hr />
        {}
        <Route path="/login" children={router => <Login {...router} />} />
        <Route path="/render" children={router => <RenderCmp {...router} />} />
      </div>
    )
  }
}
export default App

子组件：

import React, { Component } from 'react'
import withTransition from '../../hoc/withTransition'
@withTransition
class Login extends Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <h3>用户登录</h3>
        <button
          onClick={() => {
            sessionStorage.setItem('uid', 1)
            this.props.history.push('/render')
          }}
        >
          登录一下
        </button>
      </div>
    )
  }
}
export default Login

定义高阶组件：

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import { CSSTransition } from 'react-transition-group'
const withTransition = Cmp => {
  return class extends Component {
    render() {
      return (
        <>
          <CSSTransition
            in={this.props.match ? true : false}
            timeout={300}
            classNames='fade'
            unmountOnExit
          >
            <>
              {this.props.match
                ? <Cmp {...this.props} /> : <div></div>}
            </>
          </CSSTransition>
        </>
      );
    }
  }
}
export default withTransition

css样式：

.router-enter {
  opacity: 0;
}
.router-enter-active {
  opacity: 1;
  transition: all 300ms;
}
.router-exit-active {
  opacity: 0;
  transition: all 0ms;
}