JDBC怎么实现数据库增删改查功能

这篇文章主要介绍JDBC怎么实现数据库增删改查功能，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！

具体如下：

1、添加数据

package cn.itcast.jdbc;import java.sql.*;public class JdbcDemo2 {    public static void main(String[] args) {        Connection connection = null;        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;        try {            //1、注册驱动            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");            //2、定义sql            String sql = "insert into course values(?,?,?)";            //3、获取Connection对象            //student表示你要操作的数据库            //如果是locakhost：3306，也可以简写为"jdbc:Mysql:///student"            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student","root","root");            //4、获取执行sql的对象            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);            //传入参数            preparedStatement.setInt(1,5);            preparedStatement.setString(2,"javaweb");            preparedStatement.setInt(3,88);            //5、执行sql            int count = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();            //6、处理结果            System.out.println(count);            if (count > 0) {                System.out.println("添加成功");            } else {                System.out.println("添加失败");            }        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {            //7、释放资源            //避免空指针异常            if (preparedStatement != null) {                try {                    preparedStatement.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }            if (connection != null) {                try {                    connection.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        }    }}

2、删除数据

package cn.itcast.jdbc;import java.sql.*;public class JdbcDemo4 {    public static void main(String[] args) {        Connection connection = null;        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;        try {            //1、注册驱动            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");            //2、获取连接对象            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student","root","root");            //3、定义sql            String sql = "delete from course where cno = ?";            //4、获取执行sql对象            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);            preparedStatement.setInt(1,5);            //5、执行sql            int count = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();            //6、处理结果            System.out.println(count);            if (count > 0) {                System.out.println("删除成功");            } else {                System.out.println("删除失败");            }        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {            //7、释放资源            if (preparedStatement != null) {                try {                    preparedStatement.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }            if (connection != null) {                try {                    connection.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        }    }}

3、修改数据

package cn.itcast.jdbc;import java.sql.*;public class JdbcDemo3 {    public static void main(String[] args) {        Connection connection = null;        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;        try {            //1、注册驱动            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");            //2、获取连接对象            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student", "root", "root");            //3、定义sql            String sql = "update course set period = ? where cno = ?";            //4、获取执行sql对象            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);            //设置参数            preparedStatement.setInt(1,90);            preparedStatement.setInt(2,1);            //5、执行sql            int count = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();            //6、处理结果            System.out.println(count);            if (count > 0) {                System.out.println("修改成功！");            } else {                System.out.println("修改失败！");            }        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {            //7、释放资源            if (preparedStatement != null) {                try {                    preparedStatement.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }            if (connection != null) {                try {                    connection.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        }    }}

4、查询数据

package cn.itcast.jdbc;import cn.itcast.domain.Course;import java.sql.*;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;public class JDBCDemo5 {        public static void main(String[] args) {        Connection connection = null;        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;        ResultSet resultSet = null;        List<Course> list = null;        try {            //1、注册驱动            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");            //2、获取连接            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student", "root", "root");            //3、定义sql            String sql = "select * from course";            //4、获取执行sql的对象            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);            //5、执行sql            resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();            //6、遍历结果集，封装对象，装载集合            Course course = null;            list = new ArrayList<Course>();            while (resultSet.next()) {                //获取数据                int cno = resultSet.getInt("cno");                String cname = resultSet.getString("cname");                int period = resultSet.getInt("period");                //创建Course对象并赋值                course = new Course();                course.setCno(cno);                course.setCname(cname);                course.setPeriod(period);                //装载集合                list.add(course);            }        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {            if (resultSet != null) {                try {                    resultSet.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }            if (preparedStatement != null) {                try {                    preparedStatement.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }            if (connection != null) {                try {                    connection.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }        }        System.out.println(list);    }}

我们可以发现，增删改的操作基本都是差不多的语句，且执行sql的语句都是一样的，都是preparedStatement.executeUpdate()。但查询操作就有所不同了，返回的是一个结果集，且执行sql的语句就是preparedStatement.executeQuery()。

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