RedHat 6.7 安装Mysql 5.7.18

环境准备：

操作系统：RedHat 6.7

数据库：Mysql 5.7.18

1.从官网下载  mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

官网地址：Http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2. 创建mysql的用户组/用户, data目录及其用户目录

mkdir /home/mysql

mkdir /mysql_data

groupadd -g 505 mysql

useradd  -u 506  -g mysql  -s  /bin/false -d  /home/mysql  mysql 

3. 解压安装包并将解压包里的内容拷贝到mysql的安装目录/home/mysql

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz  -C /home/mysql/

cd  /home/mysql

mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64  mysql

cd mysql

mv * ../

chown mysql:mysql -R /home/mysql

chown mysql:mysql -R /mysql_data

chmod 750 -R /home/mysql

chmod 750 -R /home/mysql_data

4.初始化数据库

vim  mysql.server

将启动脚本里面的basedir和datadir修改成我们指定的目录

basedir=/home/mysql

datadir=/mysql_data

[root@iccsdb02 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysql --datadir=/mysql_data --initialize

2017-04-26T02:17:42.485369Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2017-04-26T02:17:43.083466Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2017-04-26T02:17:43.236539Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2017-04-26T02:17:43.357511Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 87cd07e3-2a26-11e7-afe5-0800275a2175.

2017-04-26T02:17:43.385762Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.

2017-04-26T02:17:43.387836Z 1 [Note] A temporary passWord is generated for root@localhost: 9NuZjvE>fsZb

改用 mysqld --initialize 后，如果 datadir 指向的目标目录下已经有数据文件, 会出现warning 报错 如下：

删除清空后在重新初始化即可

2017-04-24T08:51:45.724122Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2017-04-24T08:51:45.727068Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.

2017-04-24T08:51:45.727113Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

5. 检测下是否能启动mysql服务

# cd /home/mysql/support-files

[root@iccsdb02 support-files]# ./mysql.server  start

Starting MySQL.Logging to '/mysql_data/iccsdb02.err'.

                                                           [确定]

如果出现如下报错：

Starting MySQL.2017-04-25T03:03:32.124076Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX Socket file don't exists.

The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/i[失败]1.pid).

检查/etc/my.cnf 文件查看datadir等是否正确，默认是没有这个配置文件的，后续我们可能需要手动添加。

6. 创建软链接

ln -s /home/mysql/bin/mysql       /usr/bin/mysql

ln -s /home/mysql/bin/mysqladmin  /usr/bin/mysqladmin

7. 配置mysql服务开机自动启动

拷贝启动文件到/etc/init.d/下并重命令为mysqld

# cp /home/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

增加执行权限

# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

检查自启动项列表中没有mysqld这个，如果没有就添加mysqld：

# chkconfig --list mysqld

# chkconfig --add mysqld

设置MySQL在345等级自动启动

# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on

8. mysql服务的启动/重启/停止,其实到此mysql应该就已经能够正常启动了

启动mysql服务

# service mysqld start

停止mysql服务

# service mysqld stop

重启mysql服务

# service mysqld restart

9. 创建配置文件

将默认my.cnf备份，如果有的话

# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

进入mysql的安装目录支持文件目录

# cd /home/mysql/support-files  

# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf 这步骤在此版本的软件里面没有看到相对应的my-default.cnf文件

可按需修改新的配置文件选项， 不修改配置选项， mysql则按默认配置参数运行. 

默认/etc/my.cnf 是没有的，可以自己创建个也可以从网上下载一个，这里设置编码为utf8以防乱码，我测试的配置文件如下：

[mysqld]

datadir=/my_data

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

user=mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

character_set_server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

10. 初始化mysql用户root的密码, 网上说的方法有很多，但是经过测试都怎么好用，所以就直接按照这个来了

修改MySQL的配置文件（默认为/etc/my.cnf）,在[mysqld]下添加一行skip-grant-tables

service mysqld restart后，即可直接用mysql进入

[root@iccsdb02 run]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL CommUnity Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a reGIStered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('1q2w3e') where user='root' and Host = 'localhost';

Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.12 sec)

Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> quit

再次进入还会提示你修改密码

root@iccsdb02 run]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.7.18

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

mysql> 

重新更新一下密码即可

[root@iccsdb02 mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p password

Enter password: 

New password: 

Confirm new password: 

Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

[root@iccsdb02 mysql]# 

[root@iccsdb02 mysql]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password: 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 7

Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| infORMation_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| sys                |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

好了，到此mysql 5.7.18 就已经安装成功并且本地能正常访问使用了