C++中异常安全性问题和解决方法概述

void allocateMemory() {
    int* p = new int;
    throw std::runtime_error("Exception");
    delete p;
}

void allocateMemory() {
    std::unique_ptr<int> p(new int);
    throw std::runtime_error("Exception");
}

class Database {
public:
    void updateData(int newData) {
        // 创建一个事务
        Transaction t(this);
        // 更新数据
        m_data = newData;
        // 模拟数据库写入错误
        throw std::runtime_error("Database write error");
        // 提交事务
        t.commit();
    }

private:
    int m_data;
};

class Transaction {
public:
    Transaction(Database* db) : m_db(db), m_committed(false) {}
    ~Transaction() {
        if (!m_committed) {
            // 回滚操作
            m_db->rollback();
        }
    }
    void commit() {
        // 提交事务
        m_committed = true;
    }

private:
    Database* m_db;
    bool m_committed;
};

class MyVector {
public:
    MyVector(size_t size) : m_data(new int[size]) {}
    MyVector(MyVector&& other) noexcept : m_data(other.m_data) {
        other.m_data = nullptr;
    }
    MyVector& operator=(MyVector&& other) noexcept {
        if (this != &other) {
            delete[] m_data;
            m_data = other.m_data;
            other.m_data = nullptr;
        }
        return *this;
    }
    ~MyVector() {
        delete[] m_data;
    }
private:
    int* m_data;
};