如何利用Redis和Dart开发缓存穿透防御功能

dependencies:
  redis: ^4.0.0

import 'package:redis/redis.dart';

Future<void> main() async {
  final redis = await RedisConnection.connect('localhost', 6379);
}

String createCacheKey(String dataType, String id) {
  return '$dataType_$id';
}

import 'package:redis/redis.dart';

class Cache {
  final RedisConnection _redis;

  Cache(this._redis);

  Future<String?> get(String key) async {
    final value = await _redis.get(key);

    if (value == null) {
      return null;
    } else if (value.isEmpty) {
      // 如果值为空字符串，则表示请求结果为空
      return '';
    } else {
      return value;
    }
  }

  Future<void> set(String key, String value, {Duration? expiration}) async {
    await _redis.set(key, value);

    if (expiration != null) {
      await _redis.expire(key, expiration.inSeconds);
    }
  }
}

class DataService {
  final Cache _cache;

  DataService(this._cache);

  Future<String> getData(String id) async {
    final cacheKey = createCacheKey('data', id);
    final cachedValue = await _cache.get(cacheKey);

    if (cachedValue != null) {
      return cachedValue;
    }

    // 从后端服务获取数据
    final data = await fetchDataFromBackendService(id);

    // 如果数据不存在，则将空字符串存储到缓存中，避免重复查询
    final expiration = data.isNotEmpty ? Duration(minutes: 5) : Duration(seconds: 30);
    await _cache.set(cacheKey, data, expiration: expiration);

    return data;
  }

  Future<String> fetchDataFromBackendService(String id) async {
    // 从后端服务获取数据的实现代码
  }
}

Future<void> main() async {
  final redis = await RedisConnection.connect('localhost', 6379);
  final cache = Cache(redis);
  final dataService = DataService(cache);

  final data = await dataService.getData('123');
  print('Data: $data');
}