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oracle on linux安装多台服务器时可以采用一次安装副本多台克隆即可，简单快速.
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1、检查下列包是否安装
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**************************************************************
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yum -y install GCc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libcap1 \
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elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc glibc-devel glibc-common \
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libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel sysstat expat \
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ksh unixODBC unixODBC-devel
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--配置系统
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# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
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MemTotal: 4946772 kB
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# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
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SwapTotal: 12289716 kB
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# df -h
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Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
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/dev/sda2 17G 2.8G 14G 18% /
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/dev/sda1 1012M 40M 921M 5% /boot
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none 891M 0 891M 0% /dev/shm
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/dev/hdc 192M 192M 0 100% /media/cdrom
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**************************************************************
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2.参数修改
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1.设置需要的IP
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2、修改host文件
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在/etc/hosts文件中添加一个全限定域名，如：
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vi /etc/hosts
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192.168.50.180 vp01 vp01.vpay.com
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192.168.50.190 vp02 vp02.vpay.com
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3. 查看修改结果
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hostname
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cat /etc/hosts | grep `eval hostname`
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4、设置核心参数
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1、在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中加入下列行：
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#vi /etc/sysctl.conf
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fs.suid_dumpable = 1
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fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
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fs.file-max = 6815744
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kernel.shmmni = 4096
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# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
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kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
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net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
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net.core.rmem_default=4194304
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net.core.rmem_max=4194304
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net.core.wmem_default=262144
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net.core.wmem_max=1048586
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5、运行下列命令改变核心参数：
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#/sbin/sysctl -p
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6、在/etc/security/limits.conf文件中加入下列行：
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# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
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oracle soft nproc 2047
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oracle hard nproc 16384
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oracle soft nofile 1024
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oracle hard nofile 65536
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oracle hard stack 10240
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7、在/etc/pam.d/login文件中加入下列行：
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# vi +13 /etc/pam.d/login
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session required pam_limits.so
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**************************************************************
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3.创建下列组和用户
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**************************************************************
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groupadd oinstall
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groupadd dba
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groupadd oper
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useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle -m oracle
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passwd oracle
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123
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4.设置oracle用户的环境变量
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**************************************************************
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用oracle登录在：/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件末尾,注意把其中ORACLE_SID换成自己的实例名：
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# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
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也可以
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#su - oracle
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#vi .bash_profile
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增加下列内容：
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# Oracle Settings
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TMP=/tmp;
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export TMP
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TMPDIR=$TMP;
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export TMPDIR
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ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;
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export ORACLE_BASE
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ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1;
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export ORACLE_HOME
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ORACLE_SID=jinri;
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export ORACLE_SID
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ORACLE_TERM=xterm;
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export ORACLE_TERM
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PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;
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export PATH
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PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;
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export PATH
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LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
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export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
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CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
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export CLASSPATH
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#LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1;
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export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
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#set language
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NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE"_CHINA.AL32UTF8
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export NLS_LANG
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EDITOR=vi
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export EDITOR
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if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
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if [ $shell = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
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ulimit -p 16384
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ulimit -n 65536
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else
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ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
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fi
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fi
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alias oratrace="cat $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID/trace/alert_jinri.log"
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alias oradata="cd $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/$ORACLE_SID"
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alias oranetwork="cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin"
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alias topc='ps -e -o pcpu,pid,user,tty,args | sort -n -k 1 -r | head'
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alias topm='ps -e -o pmem,pid,user,tty,args | sort -n -k 1 -r | head'
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----新建必要的数据目录
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#mkdir /u01/backup/ && chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/backup/
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# mkdir /data/ctl
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# chown -R oracle.oinstall /data/ctl/
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**************************************************************
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5.副本克隆安装数据库
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**************************************************************
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--1.vp01正常关闭数据库
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[oracle@vp01 20760982]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
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SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期一 9月 28 18:27:13 2015
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Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
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连接到:
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Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
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With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
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SQL> shutdown immediate
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数据库已经关闭。
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已经卸载数据库。
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ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
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SQL> exit
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[oracle@vp01 20760982]$ lsnrctl stop
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LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 18:27:39
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Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
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正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
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命令执行成功
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---2.vp01打包
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$cd /u01/
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$tar czvf oracle.tar.gz /u01/
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---3.vp01将oracle安装副本压缩包传递到vp02
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scp -r -p -P 16335 /u01/oracle.tar.gz oracle@10.174.157.163:/u01/backup/
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---4.vp02解压修改权限
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#chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/backup/oracle.tar.gz
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#cd /u01/backup/
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# tar zxvf oracle.tar.gz -C /u01/
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--移动目录到上一层
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# cd /u01/u01/ && mv app/ ../ && ls /u01/u01/ && ls /u01/app/
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#rm -rf /u01/u01
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---控制文件有个副本在不同目录
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#cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jinri/control01.ctl /data/ctl/control03.ctl
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#chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/app/
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#chown -R oracle.oinstall /data/ctl/
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--relink
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$cd
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$relink all
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writing relink log to: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/relink.log
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----5.修改监听解析文件
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$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
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# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
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# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
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SID_LIST_LISTENER =
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(SID_LIST =
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(SID_DESC =
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(GLOBAL_DBNAME = jinri)
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(SID_NAME = jinri)
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)
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)
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LISTENER =
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(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
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(DESCRIPTION =
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(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp)(HOST = 10.174.157.163)(PORT = 1521))
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)
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)
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ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
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[oracle@vp02 ~]$
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#将vp01修改为vp02对应IP
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$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
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# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
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# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
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JINRI =
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(DESCRIPTION =
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(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vp02)(PORT = 1521))
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(CONNECT_DATA =
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(SERVER = DEDICATED)
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(SERVICE_NAME = jinri)
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)
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)
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-----6.附加oracle主目录
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cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
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$ $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller –silent -attachHome -invPrtLoc /u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc \
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ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1" \
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ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"
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Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
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Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 4999 MB Passed
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The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
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The inventory is located at /u01/app/oraInventory
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Please execute the '/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' script at the end of the session.
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'AttachHome' was successful.
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#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
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--注册前
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$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
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<!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
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All rights reserved. -->
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<!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. -->
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<INVENTORY>
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<VERSION_INFO>
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<SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH>
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<MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER>
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</VERSION_INFO>
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<HOME_LIST>
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</HOME_LIST>
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<COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
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</COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
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</INVENTORY>
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--注册前
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$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
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<!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
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All rights reserved. -->
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<!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. -->
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<INVENTORY>
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<VERSION_INFO>
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<SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH>
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<MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER>
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</VERSION_INFO>
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<HOME_LIST>
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<HOME NAME="OraDb11g_home1" LOC="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1" TYPE="O" IDX="1"/>
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</HOME_LIST>
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<COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
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</COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
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</INVENTORY>
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$ cat /etc/oraInst.loc
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inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory
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inst_group=oinstall
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----7.分离oracle主目录(需要的时候)
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$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller –silent -detachHome -invPrtLoc /u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc \
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ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1" \
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ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"
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----8.启动监听文件
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$ lsnrctl start
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LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 19:30:48
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Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
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启动/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: 请稍候...
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TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
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系统参数文件为/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
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写入/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml的日志信息
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监听: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
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监听: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521)))
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正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
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LISTENER 的 STATUS
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------------------------
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别名 LISTENER
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版本 TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
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启动日期 28-9月 -2015 19:30:48
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正常运行时间 0 天 0 小时 0 分 2 秒
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跟踪级别 off
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安全性 ON: Local OS Authentication
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SNMP OFF
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监听程序参数文件 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
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监听程序日志文件 /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml
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监听端点概要...
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(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
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(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521)))
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监听程序不支持服务
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命令执行成功
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$ tnsping jinri
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TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 19:31:11
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Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
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已使用的参数文件:
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/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
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已使用 TNSNAMES 适配器来解析别名
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尝试连接 (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vp02)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = jinri)))
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OK (0 毫秒)
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$ sqlplus / as sysdba
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SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期一 9月 28 20:17:45 2015
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Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
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已连接到空闲例程。
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SQL> startup
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ORACLE 例程已经启动。
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Total System Global Area 3925032960 bytes
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Fixed Size 2259240 bytes
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Variable Size 822085336 bytes
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Database Buffers 3087007744 bytes
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Redo Buffers 13680640 bytes
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数据库装载完毕。
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数据库已经打开。
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SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
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OPEN_MODE
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--------------------
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READ WRITE
--结束END--
本文标题: oracle的克隆
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