Python包管理工具之PDM的使用教程

# Macos安装pipx
brew install pipx
pipx ensurepath

# linux安装pipx
python3 -m pip install pipx
python3 -m pipx ensurepath

pipx install pdm
pipx list

# zsh方法
mkdir $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/pdm
pdm completion zsh > $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/pdm/_pdm

vim ~/.zshrc
plugins=(
         pdm
         poetry
         git
         zsh-completions
         zsh-autosuggestions
)

source ~/.zshrc

pdm info

❯ mkdir pdm-demo
❯ cd pdm-demo
# 重新执行pdm成功
❯ pdm init
Creating a pyproject.toml for PDM...
Please enter the Python interpreter to use
0. /Users/allenjol/.pyenv/versions/3.10.4/bin/python3 (3.10)
1. /Users/allenjol/.pyenv/versions/3.10.4/bin/python (3.10)
2. /Users/allenjol/.pyenv/versions/3.10.4/bin/python3.10 (3.10)
3. /Users/allenjol/.pyenv/versions/3.10.4/bin/python3.10 (3.10)
4. /Users/allenjol/.pyenv/versions/3.10.4/bin/python3 (3.10)
5. /Users/allenjol/.pyenv/versions/3.10.4/bin/python (3.10)
6. /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/bin/python3.10 (3.10)
7. /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/python3 (3.8)
8. /Users/allenjol/.local/pipx/venvs/pdm/bin/python (3.10)
Please select: [0]: 8
Using Python interpreter: /Users/allenjol/.local/pipx/venvs/pdm/bin/python (3.10)
Is the project a library that will be uploaded to PyPI? [y/N]: N
License(SPDX name) [MIT]:
Author name [allen_jol]:
Author email [471733951@qq.com]:
Python requires('*' to allow any) [>=3.10]:
Changes are written to pyproject.toml.

# 完成之后，PDM 会将你的选择以 toml 格式写入 pyproject.toml 配置文件中。
❯ ll
total 8
-rw-r--r--  1 allenjol  staff  283 May 20 13:58 pyproject.toml


❯ cat pyproject.toml
[project]
name = ""
version = ""
description = ""
authors = [
    {name = "allen_jol", email = "471733951@qq.com"},
]
dependencies = []
requires-python = ">=3.10"
license = {text = "MIT"}

[tool.pdm]

[build-system]
requires = ["pdm-pep517>=0.12.0"]
build-backend = "pdm.pep517.api"

# 安装包
pdm add requests

# 查看包
pdm list

# 以树状形式查看
pdm list --graph

# 查看包的详情
pdm show requests

# 删除包
pdm remove requests

# 项目配置（不加任何参数，可以打印出该项目的环境配置）
pdm config

# 修改pypi源
pdm config pypi.url Http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
pdm config pypi.url

$ cat main.py
print('Hello, pdm')

$ pdm run python main.py
hello, pdm

pdm info -v
pdm info --env
pdm info --packages
pdm info --where
pdm info --python

# 更新所有包
pdm update 

# 更新某个包
pdm update <pkg>

pdm update -G security -G http

pdm update -G security cryptography

# 更新所有的 dev 依赖
pdm update -d

# 更新 dev 依赖下某个分组的某个包
pdm update -dG test pytest

pdm use python3.9

$ tail -n 2 pyproject.toml
[tool.pdm.scripts]
start = 'python main.py'

$ pdm run start
Running cmd script: ['python', 'main.py']
Hello, pdm

# 第一种
[tool.pdm.scripts]
start = "python main.py"

# 第二种
[tool.pdm.scripts]
start = {cmd = "python main.py"}

[tool.pdm.scripts]
start = {cmd = [
    "flask",
    "run",
    # Important comment here about always using port 54321
    "-p", "54321"
]}

$ tail -n 2 pyproject.toml
[tool.pdm.scripts]
start = {shell = "python main.py"}

$ pdm run start
Running cmd script: python main.py
Hello, pdm

[tool.pdm.scripts]
start.cmd = "flask run -p 54321"
start.env_file = ".env"

[tool.pdm.scripts]
_.env_file = ".env"

pdm export -f setuppy -o setup.py

pdm export -o requirements.txt

mkdir pdm-demo
cd pdm-demo

pdm config pypi.url
pdm config pypi.url http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple –-trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com
pdm config pypi.url

# 永久设置 Linux下
❯ vi ~/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com


# 使用 pdm 安装一个包：
pdm add -v requests flask

❯ pdm info
PDM version:        1.15.0
Python Interpreter: /Users/allenjol/.local/pipx/venvs/pdm/bin/python (3.10)
Project Root:       /Users/allenjol/Documents/Codes/pdm-demo
Project Packages:   /Users/allenjol/Documents/Codes/pdm-demo/__pypackages__/3.10