Python日期与时间模块(datetime+time+Calendar+dateuil )相关使用讲解

from datetime import *

from datetime import *

dt = date.today()
print(dt)		# 输出：2022-09-07

print(dt.year)          # 2022
print(dt.month)
print(dt.day)

# 返回星期几  星期一 = 0
print(dt.weekday())             # 输出：2
# 返回星期几  星期一 = 1
print(dt.isoweekday())          # 0001-01-01

# 返回 ctime() 样式字符串
print(dt.ctime())               # Wed Sep  7 00:00:00 2022
# 修改 年、月、日
print(dt.replace(year=2023))    # 输出：2023-09-07
# 打印最大/最小日期
print(dt.max)                   # 9999-12-31
print(dt.min)                   # 0001-01-01

d = date(2022, 9, 6)
print(d)			# 输出：2022-09-06

d = date.fromisofORMat("2022-09-06")
print(d)        # 2022-09-06
print(type(d))  # <class 'datetime.date'>

d = date.fromtimestamp(1662451516)
print(d)    	# 2022-09-06

d = date.today()
str_date = d.isoformat()
print(str_date)          # 2022-09-06 字符串

from datetime import time

t1 = time(10, 20, 32)
print(t1)   # 输出：10:20:32

# 打印时分秒
print(t1.hour)
print(t1.minute)
print(t1.second)

# 将对象转为字符串
res = time.isoformat(t1)
# print(t1.isoformat()) # 方式2
print(res)              # 输出：10:20:32
print(type(res))        # 输出：<class 'str'>

from datetime import datetime

# datetime(year, month, day[, hour[, minute[, second[, microsecond[,tzinfo]]]]])
t = datetime(2022, 9, 7, 20, 32, 20)
print(t)

# 打印 年月日 时分秒
print(t.year)
print(t.month)
print(t.day)
print(t.hour)
print(t.minute)
print(t.second)

# 获取当前时间
today = datetime.now()
print(today)

# 字符串转为datetime
d = datetime.fromisoformat("2022-09-10 12:25:36")
print(type(d))	# <class 'datetime.datetime'>

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

now = datetime.now()
print(now)

# 加2天
# def __new__(cls, days=0, seconds=0, microseconds=0, milliseconds=0, minutes=0, hours=0, weeks=0)
new_time = now + timedelta(days=2)
print(new_time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))

# 加1周
new_time = now + timedelta(weeks=1)
print(new_time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))

from datetime import datetime, date

# 计算时间差
now = datetime.now()
# 将字符串转为<class 'datetime.datetime'>
d = datetime.fromisoformat("2022-09-10 12:25:36")
res = d - now
print(res)
print(res.days)
print(res.seconds)

from datetime import datetime, date

now = datetime.now()
print(now)
print(now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
print(now.strftime("%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %A"))

import time

# 当前timestamp
timestamp = time.time()
print(timestamp)

# 时间戳 转 时间元组
# 方式1：time.struct_time(tm_year=2022, tm_mon=9, tm_mday=10, tm_hour=16, tm_min=11, tm_sec=30, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=251, tm_isdst=0)
time_tuple1 = time.localtime()
# 方式2
time_tuple2 = time.localtime(timestamp)
print(time_tuple1)
print(time_tuple2)

# 时间元组 转 时间戳
timestamp2 = time.mktime(time_tuple1)
print(timestamp2)  # 1662624690.0

# 时间元组 格式化为 时间
strftime1 = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time_tuple1)
print(strftime1)
# 时间 格式化为 时间元组
time_tuple3 = time.strptime("2022-09-10 16:14:18", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print(time_tuple3)

# 返回一个可读的时间字符串
print(time.ctime())               # Thu Sep  10 16:17:40 2022
print(time.ctime(time.time()))    # Thu Sep  10 16:17:40 2022

print(time.asctime())
print(time.asctime(time.localtime()))

# 程序暂停/睡眠3s
time.sleep(3)

import calendar

cal = calendar.month(2022,9)
print(cal)  # str
"""
   September 2022
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
          1  2  3  4
 5  6  7  8  9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30
"""

import calendar

# 判断是否为闰年
print(calendar.isleap(2000))  # True
print(calendar.isleap(2022))  # False

# 查看2个年份之间的闰年总和
print(calendar.leapdays(2008, 2060))  # 13

pip install dateutils

from datetime import datetime, date
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta, MO, TU, WE, TH, FR, SA, SU

now = datetime.now()
today = date.today()
print(now)
print(today)

"""
    时间增加
    dt1=None, dt2=None,
    years=0, months=0, days=0, leapdays=0, weeks=0,
    hours=0, minutes=0, seconds=0, microseconds=0,
    year=None, month=None, day=None, weekday=None,
    yearday=None, nlyearday=None,
    hour=None, minute=None, second=None, microsecond=None
"""
# 下个月
next_month = now + relativedelta(months=1)
print(next_month)

# 一年后 前一个月
next_year_prev_month = now + relativedelta(years=1, months=-1)
print(next_year_prev_month)

# 下周五(前提是今天为周六、周天)
next_fr = now + relativedelta(weekday=FR)
print(next_fr)

# 计算两个日期差
res = relativedelta(date(2060, 6, 20), today)
print(res)          # relativedelta(years=+37, months=+9, days=+12)
print(res.years)    # 37