python正则表达式对字符串的查找匹配

>>> import re#导入包
>>> a='xiaoming:wo jiao xiaoming,wo de dianhua shi +86-666666'
>>> print(re.search(pattern='\d+\W\d+',string=a))
<re.Match object; span=(45, 54), match='86-666666'>#此处输出的时一个match对象
 
>>> mp=re.search(pattern='\d+\W\d+',string=a)#查找电话号码
>>> print(mp.group())#使用group方法获取于指定模式相匹配的字符串
86-666666
>>> print(mp.start())#获取第一个匹配字符串的索引
45
>>> print(mp.end())#获取匹配字符串的
54
>>> print(mp.span())#获取索引范围
(45, 54)
 
>>> print(re.findall(pattern='\w+',string=a))
['xiaoming', 'wo', 'jiao', 'xiaoming', 'wo', 'de', 'dianhua', 'shi', '86', '666666']
 
>>> m_sub=re.sub(pattern='\w+:',string=a,repl='xiaohong:')#模式替代，使用repl传入的字符串替代匹配到的第一个字符串
>>> print(m_sub)
xiaohong:wo jiao xiaoming,wo de dianhua shi +86-6666
 
#编译模式
>>> p=re.compile('\d{6}')#预先设定好匹配的模式
>>> m1=p.search(a)#对预先设定好的模式调用查找
>>> print(m1.group())获取查找到的字符串
666666

#! /usr/bin/python3
import re
rebocop = re.compile(r'rebocop', re.I)
match = rebocop.search('ReboCop is part man, part Machine, all cop.').group()
print(match)

#! /usr/bin/python3
import re

phoneRegex = re.compile(r'''(
    (\d{3}|\(\d{3}\))?   # area code
    (\s|-|\.)?           # separator
    \d{3}                # first 3 digits
    (\s|-|\.)            # separator
    \d{4}                # last 4 digits
    (\s*(ext|x|ext.)\s*\d{2,5})?   #extension
    )''', re.VERBOSE)

#! /usr/bin/python3
# phoneAndEmail.py - Finds phone numbers and email address on the chipboard.

import pyperclip, re

americaPhoneRegex = re.compile(r'''(
    (\d{3}|\(\d{3}\))?   # area code
    (\s|-|\.)?           # separator
    (\d{3})              # first 3 digits
    (\s|-|\.)            # separator
    (\d{4})              # last 4 digits
    (\s*(ext|x|ext.)\s*(\d{2,5}))?   # extension
    )''', re.VERBOSE)    

chinesePhoneRegex = re.compile(r'1\d{10}')

emailPhoneRegex   = re.compile(r'''(
        [a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+      # username
        @                      # @ symbol
        [a-zA-Z0-9.-]+         # domain name
        (\.[a-zA-Z]{2,4})      # dot-something
        )''', re.VERBOSE)


# Find matches in clipboard text.
text = str(pyperclip.paste())
matches = []
for groups in americaPhoneRegex.findall(text):
    phoneNum = '-'.join([groups[1], groups[3], groups[5]])
    if groups[8] != '':
        phoneNum += ' x' + groups[8]
    matches.append(phoneNum)

for groups in emailPhoneRegex.findall(text):
    matches.append(groups[0])

for groups in chinesePhoneRegex.findall(text):
    matches.append(groups[0])

# copy results the clipboard. 
if len(matches) > 0:
    pyperclip.copy('\n'.join(matches))
    print('Copied to clipboard:')
    print('\n'.join(matches))
else:
    print('No phone numbers or email addresses found.')