Asp.NET Core 限流控制(AspNetCoreRateLimit)的实现

Install-Package AspNetCoreRateLimit 

public class Startup
{
  public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
  {
    Configuration = configuration;
  }

  public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
  public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
  {
    //需要从加载配置文件appsettings.JSON
    services.AddOptions();
    //需要存储速率限制计算器和ip规则
    services.AddMemoryCache();

    //从appsettings.json中加载常规配置，IpRateLimiting与配置文件中节点对应
    services.Configure<IpRateLimitOptions>(Configuration.GetSection("IpRateLimiting"));

    //从appsettings.json中加载Ip规则
    services.Configure<IpRateLimitPolicies>(Configuration.GetSection("IpRateLimitPolicies"));

    //注入计数器和规则存储
    services.AddSingleton<IIpPolicyStore, MemoryCacheIpPolicyStore>();
    services.AddSingleton<IRateLimitCounterStore, MemoryCacheRateLimitCounterStore>();

    services.AddControllers();

    services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();
    //配置（解析器、计数器密钥生成器）
    services.AddSingleton<IRateLimitConfiguration, RateLimitConfiguration>();

    //Other Code
  }

  // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
  public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
  {
    //Other Code

    app.UseRouting();

    app.UseAuthorization();
　　　　　//启用客户端IP限制速率
    app.UseIpRateLimiting();

    app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
    {
      endpoints.MapControllers();
    });
  }
}

"IpRateLimiting": {
 //false，则全局将应用限制，并且仅应用具有作为端点的规则*。例如，如果您设置每秒5次调用的限制，则对任何端点的任何HTTP调用都将计入该限制
 //true， 则限制将应用于每个端点，如{HTTP_Verb}{PATH}。例如，如果您为*:/api/values客户端设置每秒5个呼叫的限制，
 "EnableEndpointRateLimiting": false,
 //false，拒绝的API调用不会添加到调用次数计数器上;如 客户端每秒发出3个请求并且您设置了每秒一个调用的限制，则每分钟或每天计数器等其他限制将仅记录第一个调用，即成功的API调用。如果您希望被拒绝的API调用计入其他时间的显示（分钟，小时等） //，则必须设置StackBlockedRequests为true。
 "StackBlockedRequests": false,
 //Kestrel 服务器背后是一个反向代理，如果你的代理服务器使用不同的页眉然后提取客户端IP X-Real-IP使用此选项来设置
 "RealIpHeader": "X-Real-IP",
 //取白名单的客户端ID。如果此标头中存在客户端ID并且与ClientWhitelist中指定的值匹配，则不应用速率限制。
 "ClientIdHeader": "X-ClientId",
 //限制状态码
 "httpstatusCode": 429,
 ////IP白名单:支持Ip v4和v6 
 //"IpWhitelist": [ "127.0.0.1", "::1/10", "192.168.0.0/24" ],
 ////端点白名单
 //"EndpointWhitelist": [ "get:/api/license", "*:/api/status" ],
 ////客户端白名单
 //"ClientWhitelist": [ "dev-id-1", "dev-id-2" ],
 //通用规则
 "GeneralRules": [
  {
   //端点路径
   "Endpoint": "*",
   //时间段，格式：{数字}{单位}；可使用单位：s, m, h, d
   "Period": "1s",
   //限制
   "Limit": 2
  },　　 //15分钟只能调用100次
  {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "15m","Limit": 100},　　 //12H只能调用1000
  {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "12h","Limit": 1000},　　 //7天只能调用10000次
  {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "7d","Limit": 10000}
 ]
}

"IpRateLimitPolicies": {
 //ip规则
 "IpRules": [
  {
   //IP
   "Ip": "84.247.85.224",
   //规则内容
   "Rules": [
    //1s请求10次
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "1s","Limit": 10},
    //15分钟请求200次
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "15m","Limit": 200}
   ]
  },
  {
   //ip支持设置多个
   "Ip": "192.168.3.22/25",
   "Rules": [
    //1秒请求5次
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "1s","Limit": 5},
    //15分钟请求150次
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "15m","Limit": 150},
    //12小时请求500次
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "12h","Limit": 500}
   ]
  }
 ]
}

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
  //需要从加载配置文件appsettings.json
  services.AddOptions();

  //需要存储速率限制计算器和ip规则
  services.AddMemoryCache();

  //从appsettings.json中加载常规配置
  services.Configure<ClientRateLimitOptions>(Configuration.GetSection("IPRateLimiting"));

  //从appsettings.json中加载客户端规则
  services.Configure<ClientRateLimitPolicies>(Configuration.GetSection("ClientRateLimitPolicies"));

  //注入计数器和规则存储
  services.AddSingleton<IClientPolicyStore, MemoryCacheClientPolicyStore>();
  services.AddSingleton<IRateLimitCounterStore, MemoryCacheRateLimitCounterStore>();

  
  services.AddControllers();

    // https://GitHub.com/aspnet/Hosting/issues/793
    // the IHttpContextAccessor service is not reGIStered by default.
    //注入计数器和规则存储
    services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();

    //配置（解析器、计数器密钥生成器）
    services.AddSingleton<IRateLimitConfiguration, RateLimitConfiguration>();
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
    //启用客户端限制
  app.UseClientRateLimiting();

  app.UseMvc();
}

//客户端限制设置
"ClientRateLimitPolicies": {
 "ClientRules": [
  {
   //客户端id
   "ClientId": "client-id-1",
   "Rules": [
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "1s","Limit": 10},
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "15m","Limit": 200}
   ]
  },
  {
   "ClientId": "client-id-2",
   "Rules": [
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "1s","Limit": 5},
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "15m","Limit": 150},
    {"Endpoint": "*","Period": "12h","Limit": 500}
   ]
  }
 ]
}

/// <summary>
/// IP限制控制器
/// </summary>
[Route("api/[controller]")]
[ApiController]
public class IpRateLimitController : ControllerBase
{

  private readonly IpRateLimitOptions _options;
  private readonly IIpPolicyStore _ipPolicyStore;

  /// <summary>
  /// 
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="optionsAccessor"></param>
  /// <param name="ipPolicyStore"></param>
  public IpRateLimitController(IOptions<IpRateLimitOptions> optionsAccessor, IIpPolicyStore ipPolicyStore)
  {
    _options = optionsAccessor.Value;
    _ipPolicyStore = ipPolicyStore;
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 获取限制规则
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  [HttpGet]
  public async Task<IpRateLimitPolicies> Get()
  {
    return await _ipPolicyStore.GetAsync(_options.IpPolicyPrefix);
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 
  /// </summary>
  [HttpPost]
  public async Task Post(IpRateLimitPolicy ipRate)
  {
    var pol = await _ipPolicyStore.GetAsync(_options.IpPolicyPrefix);
    if (ipRate != null)
    {
      pol.IpRules.Add(ipRate);
      await _ipPolicyStore.SetAsync(_options.IpPolicyPrefix, pol);
    }
  }
}

// inject counter and rules distributed cache stores
services.AddSingleton<IClientPolicyStore, DistributedCacheClientPolicyStore>();
services.AddSingleton<IRateLimitCounterStore,DistributedCacheRateLimitCounterStore>();

services.AddStackExchangeRedisCache(options =>
{
  options.ConfigurationOptions = new ConfigurationOptions
  {
    //silently retry in the background if the Redis connection is temporarily down
    AbortOnConnectFail = false
  };
  options.Configuration = "localhost:6379";
  options.InstanceName = "AspNetRateLimit";
});

//请求返回
  "QuotaExceededResponse": {
   "Content": "{{\"code\":429,\"msg\":\"Visit too frequently, please try again later\",\"data\":null}}",
   "ContentType": "application/json;utf-8",
   "StatusCode": 429
  },