R语言文本文件读写(txt/csv/xlsx)

read.table(file,sep,hesder)
#file 文件路径
#sep 分隔符
#header 第一行是不是列名（如果第一行是列名导入的时候填TRUE；默认值是FALSE，即把第一行算作数据）

> setwd("F:/r-test-data")
> getwd()
[1] "F:/r-test-data"

> data1 <- read.table('test.txt',sep = '\t',header = TRUE)
> data1
  CountryCode  Language IsOfficial Percentage
1     ABW    Dutch    TRUE    5.3
2     AFG    Dari    TRUE    32.1
3     AFG   Pashto    TRUE    52.4
4     aiA   English    TRUE    0.0
5     ALB  Albaniana    TRUE    97.9
6     AND   Catalan    TRUE    32.3
7     ANT    Dutch    TRUE    0.0
8     ANT Papiamento    TRUE    86.2
9     ARE   Arabic    TRUE    42.0
10     ARG   Spanish    TRUE    96.8
11     ARM  Armenian    TRUE    93.4
12     ASM   English    TRUE    3.1
13     ASM   Samoan    TRUE    90.6
14     ATG   English    TRUE    0.0
15     AUS   English    TRUE    81.2
16     AUT   German    TRUE    92.0
17     AZE Azerbaijani    TRUE    89.0

> data2 <- read.csv('countrylanguage.csv',TRUE)
> head(data2)
> #通过head()函数可以读取前6行数据
 CountryCode Percentage Percentage.1 Percentage.2
1     ABW   Dutch     TRUE     5.3
2     ABW  English    FALSE     9.5
3     ABW Papiamento    FALSE     76.7
4     ABW  Spanish    FALSE     7.4
5     AFG  Balochi    FALSE     0.9
6     AFG    Dari     TRUE     32.1

> data4 <- read.xlsx('countrylanguage.xlsx',sheetIndex = 1)
> #读取文件
> data4
  CountryCode        Percentage Percentage.1 Percentage.2
1      ABW           Dutch      T     5.3
2      AFG           Dari      T     32.1
3      AFG          Pashto      T     52.4
4      AIA          English      T     0.0
5      ALB         Albaniana      T     97.9
6      AND          Catalan      T     32.3
7      ANT           Dutch      T     0.0
8      ANT        Papiamento      T     86.2
9      ARE          Arabic      T     42.0
10     ARG          Spanish      T     96.8

write.csv(data,file)

#为了检验方便，这里我们把countrylanguage前六行数另存为.csv文件；当然文件的扩展名是可以自己指定的，当然文件里数据都是逗号分割的。
> data3 <- head(data2)
> write.csv(data3,'save.csv')
> write.csv(data3,'save.doc')

"CountryCode","Percentage","Percentage.1","Percentage.2"
"ABW","Dutch",TRUE,5.3
"ABW","English",FALSE,9.5
"ABW","Papiamento",FALSE,76.7
"ABW","Spanish",FALSE,7.4
"AFG","Balochi",FALSE,0.9
"AFG","Dari",TRUE,32.1

> write.xlsx(head(data3),'test.xlsx',row.names = FALSE)
> #和之前写文件一样，write.‘type'(),type只是数据保存时格式的描述，不是默认保存文件的扩展名
> #扩展名需要自己在文件名中写清楚，文件存储格式打开方式是和文件扩展名有关的。