python 多进程和多线程使用详解

from multiprocessing import Process
import os
import time
 
def long_time_task(i):
    print('子进程: {} - 任务{}'.fORMat(os.getpid(), i))
    time.sleep(2)
    print("结果: {}".format(8 ** 20))
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    print('当前母进程: {}'.format(os.getpid()))
    start = time.time()
    p1 = Process(target=long_time_task, args=(1,))
    p2 = Process(target=long_time_task, args=(2,))
    print('等待所有子进程完成。')
    p1.start()
    p2.start()
    p1.join()
    p2.join()
    end = time.time()
    print("总共用时{}秒".format((end - start)))

from multiprocessing import Pool, cpu_count
import os
import time
 
def long_time_task(i):
    print('子进程: {} - 任务{}'.format(os.getpid(), i))
    time.sleep(2)
    print("结果: {}".format(8 ** 20))
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    print("CPU内核数:{}".format(cpu_count()))
    print('当前母进程: {}'.format(os.getpid()))
    start = time.time()
    p = Pool(4)
    for i in range(5):
        p.apply_async(long_time_task, args=(i,))
    print('等待所有子进程完成。')
    p.close()
    p.join()
    end = time.time()
    print("总共用时{}秒".format((end - start)))

from multiprocessing import Process, Queue
import os, time, random
 
# 写数据进程执行的代码:
def write(q):
    print('Process to write: {}'.format(os.getpid()))
    for value in ['A', 'B', 'C']:
        print('Put %s to queue...' % value)
        q.put(value)
        time.sleep(random.random())
 
# 读数据进程执行的代码:
def read(q):
    print('Process to read:{}'.format(os.getpid()))
    while True:
        value = q.get(True)
        print('Get %s from queue.' % value)
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    # 父进程创建Queue，并传给各个子进程：
    q = Queue()
    pw = Process(target=write, args=(q,))
    pr = Process(target=read, args=(q,))
    # 启动子进程pw，写入:
    pw.start()
    # 启动子进程pr，读取:
    pr.start()
    # 等待pw结束:
    pw.join()
    # pr进程里是死循环，无法等待其结束，只能强行终止:
    pr.terminate()

import threading
import time
 
def long_time_task(i):
    print('当前子线程: {} 任务{}'.format(threading.current_thread().name, i))
    time.sleep(2)
    print("结果: {}".format(8 ** 20))
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    start = time.time()
    print('这是主线程：{}'.format(threading.current_thread().name))
    thread_list = []
    for i in range(1, 3):
        t = threading.Thread(target=long_time_task, args=(i, ))
        thread_list.append(t)
    for t in thread_list:
        t.start()
    for t in thread_list:
        t.join()
    end = time.time()
    print("总共用时{}秒".format((end - start)))

import threading
 
class Account:
    def __init__(self):
        self.balance = 0
 
    def add(self, lock):
        # 获得锁
        lock.acquire()
        for i in range(0, 100000):
            self.balance += 1
        # 释放锁
        lock.release()
 
    def delete(self, lock):
        # 获得锁
        lock.acquire()
        for i in range(0, 100000):
            self.balance -= 1
            # 释放锁
        lock.release()
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    account = Account()
    lock = threading.Lock()
    # 创建线程
   thread_add = threading.Thread(target=account.add, args=(lock,), name='Add')
    thread_delete = threading.Thread(target=account.delete, args=(lock,), name='Delete')
 
    # 启动线程
   thread_add.start()
    thread_delete.start()
 
    # 等待线程结束
   thread_add.join()
    thread_delete.join()
 
    print('The final balance is: {}'.format(account.balance))

from queue import Queue
import random, threading, time
 
# 生产者类
class Producer(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, name, queue):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self, name=name)
        self.queue = queue
 
    def run(self):
        for i in range(1, 5):
            print("{} is producing {} to the queue!".format(self.getName(), i))
            self.queue.put(i)
            time.sleep(random.randrange(10) / 5)
        print("%s finished!" % self.getName())
 
# 消费者类
class Consumer(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, name, queue):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self, name=name)
        self.queue = queue
 
    def run(self):
        for i in range(1, 5):
            val = self.queue.get()
            print("{} is consuming {} in the queue.".format(self.getName(), val))
            time.sleep(random.randrange(10))
        print("%s finished!" % self.getName())
 
def main():
    queue = Queue()
    producer = Producer('Producer', queue)
    consumer = Consumer('Consumer', queue)
 
    producer.start()
    consumer.start()
 
    producer.join()
    consumer.join()
    print('All threads finished!')
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()