详解SpringCache使用Redisson分布式锁解决缓存击穿问题

<!--redisson-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
    <artifactId>redisson-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>3.17.0</version>
</dependency>

spring:
  datasource:
    username: xx
    passWord: xxxxxx
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=CTT
  cache:
    type: redis
  redis:
    database: 0
    port: 6379               # Redis服务器连接端口
    host: localhost          # Redis服务器地址
    password: xxxxxx         # Redis服务器连接密码（默认为空）
    timeout: 5000            # 超时时间

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JSONAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.redisson.Redisson;
import org.redisson.api.RedissonClient;
import org.redisson.config.Config;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2jsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Random;

@EnableCaching
@Configuration
public class RedissonConfig {

    @Value("${spring.redis.host}")
    private String host;

    @Value("${spring.redis.port}")
    private String port;

    @Value("${spring.redis.password}")
    private String password;


    @Bean(destroyMethod = "shutdown")  // bean销毁时关闭Redisson实例，但不关闭Redis服务
    public RedissonClient redisson() {
        //创建配置
        Config config = new Config();
        
        config.useSingleServer()
                .setAddress("redis://" + host + ":" + port)
                .setPassword(password)
                .setTimeout(5000);
        //根据config创建出RedissonClient实例
        return Redisson.create(config);
    }

    @Bean
    public CacheManager RedisCacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
        RedisSerializer<String> redisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
        // 解决查询缓存转换异常的问题
        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
        
        om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
        // 配置序列化解决乱码的问题
        RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
                // 设置缓存过期时间  为解决缓存雪崩,所以将过期时间加随机值
                .entryTtl(Duration.ofSeconds(60 * 60 + new Random().nextInt(60 * 10)))
                // 设置key的序列化方式
                .serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(redisSerializer))
                // 设置value的序列化方式
                .serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer));
        // .disableCachingNullValues(); //为防止缓存击穿，所以允许缓存null值
        RedisCacheManager cacheManager = RedisCacheManager.builder(factory)
                .cacheDefaults(config)
                // 启用RedisCache以将缓存 put/evict 操作与正在进行的 Spring 管理的事务同步
                .transactionAware()
                .build();
        return cacheManager;
    }
}

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import com.company.dubbodemo.entity.User;
import com.company.dubbodemo.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.company.dubbodemo.service.UserService;
import org.redisson.api.RLock;
import org.redisson.api.RedissonClient;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;


@Service
public class UserServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<UserMapper, User>
        implements UserService {
    
    @Resource
    private RedissonClient redissonClient;

    @Resource
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    // 一定要设置sync = true开启异步，否则会导致多个线程同时获取到锁
    @Cacheable(cacheNames = "user", key = "#id", sync = true)
    public User findById(Long id) {
        

        
        RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock("redissonClient-lock");

        // 对第一个线程执行方法体的线程加锁，加了@Cacheable，方法执行之后会将方法的返回值存入缓存，下一个线程直接读取缓存
        lock.lock();
        User user = new User();
        try {
            user = userMapper.selectById(id);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
        return user;
    }
}