Asp.Net Core7 preview4限流中间件新特性详解

app.UseRateLimiter(new RateLimiterOptions
{
    Limiter = PartitionedRateLimiter.Create<HttpContext, string>(resource =>
    {
        return RateLimitPartition.CreateConcurrencyLimiter("MyLimiter",
            _ => new ConcurrencyLimiterOptions(1, QueueProcessinGorder.NewestFirst, 1));
    })
});

app.UseRateLimiter(new RateLimiterOptions()
{
    // 触发限流的响应码
    DefaultRejectionStatusCode = 500,
    OnRejected = async (ctx, rateLimitLease) =>
    {
        // 触发限流回调处理
    },
    Limiter = PartitionedRateLimiter.Create<HttpContext, string>(resource =>
    {
        if (resource.Request.Path.StartsWithSegments("/api"))
        {
            return RateLimitPartition.CreateConcurrencyLimiter("webapiLimiter",
                _ => new ConcurrencyLimiterOptions(2, QueueProcessingOrder.NewestFirst, 2));
        }
        else
        {
            return RateLimitPartition.CreateConcurrencyLimiter("DefaultLimiter",
                _ => new ConcurrencyLimiterOptions(1, QueueProcessingOrder.NewestFirst, 1));
        }
    })
});

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.RateLimiting;
using System.Threading.RateLimiting;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddControllers();
// Learn more about configuring swagger/OpenAPI at https://aka.ms/aspnetcore/swashbuckle
builder.Services.AddEndpointsApiExplorer();
builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen();
var app = builder.Build();
// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
    app.UseSwagger();
    app.UseSwaggerUI();
}
app.UseRateLimiter(new RateLimiterOptions
{
    DefaultRejectionStatusCode = 500,
    OnRejected = async (ctx, lease) =>
    {
        await Task.FromResult(ctx.Response.WriteAsync("ConcurrencyLimiter"));
    },
    Limiter = PartitionedRateLimiter.Create<HttpContext, string>(resource =>
    {
        return RateLimitPartition.CreateConcurrencyLimiter("MyLimiter",
            _ => new ConcurrencyLimiterOptions(1, QueueProcessingOrder.NewestFirst, 1));
    })
});
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapControllers();
app.Run();

        protected override RateLimitLease AcquireCore(int permitCount)
        {
            // These amounts of resources can never be acquired
            if (permitCount > _options.PermitLimit)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(permitCount), permitCount, SR.FORMat(SR.PermitLimitExceeded, permitCount, _options.PermitLimit));
            }
            ThrowIfDisposed();
            // Return SuccessfulLease or FailedLease to indicate limiter state
            if (permitCount == 0)
            {
                return _permitCount > 0 ? SuccessfulLease : FailedLease;
            }
            // Perf: Check SemaphoreSlim implementation instead of locking
            if (_permitCount >= permitCount)
            {
                lock (Lock)
                {
                    if (TryLeaseUnsynchronized(permitCount, out RateLimitLease? lease))
                    {
                        return lease;
                    }
                }
            }
            return FailedLease;
        }

        private bool TryLeaseUnsynchronized(int permitCount, [NotNullWhen(true)] out RateLimitLease? lease)
        {
            ThrowIfDisposed();
            // if permitCount is 0 we want to queue it if there are no available permits
            if (_permitCount >= permitCount && _permitCount != 0)
            {
                if (permitCount == 0)
                {
                    // Edge case where the check before the lock showed 0 available permits but when we got the lock some permits were now available
                    lease = SuccessfulLease;
                    return true;
                }
                // a. if there are no items queued we can lease
                // b. if there are items queued but the processing order is newest first, then we can lease the incoming request since it is the newest
                if (_queueCount == 0 || (_queueCount > 0 && _options.QueueProcessingOrder == QueueProcessingOrder.NewestFirst))
                {
                    _idleSince = null;
                    _permitCount -= permitCount;
                    Debug.Assert(_permitCount >= 0);
                    lease = new ConcurrencyLease(true, this, permitCount);
                    return true;
                }
            }
            lease = null;
            return false;
        }

 protected override ValueTask<RateLimitLease> WaitAsyncCore(int permitCount, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
        {
            // These amounts of resources can never be acquired
            if (permitCount > _options.PermitLimit)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(permitCount), permitCount, SR.Format(SR.PermitLimitExceeded, permitCount, _options.PermitLimit));
            }
            // Return SuccessfulLease if requestedCount is 0 and resources are available
            if (permitCount == 0 && _permitCount > 0 && !_disposed)
            {
                return new ValueTask<RateLimitLease>(SuccessfulLease);
            }
            // Perf: Check SemaphoreSlim implementation instead of locking
            lock (Lock)
            {
                if (TryLeaseUnsynchronized(permitCount, out RateLimitLease? lease))
                {
                    return new ValueTask<RateLimitLease>(lease);
                }
                // Avoid integer overflow by using subtraction instead of addition
                Debug.Assert(_options.QueueLimit >= _queueCount);
                if (_options.QueueLimit - _queueCount < permitCount)
                {
                    if (_options.QueueProcessingOrder == QueueProcessingOrder.NewestFirst && permitCount <= _options.QueueLimit)
                    {
                        // remove oldest items from queue until there is space for the newest request
                        do
                        {
                            RequestReGIStration oldestRequest = _queue.DequeueHead();
                            _queueCount -= oldestRequest.Count;
                            Debug.Assert(_queueCount >= 0);
                            if (!oldestRequest.Tcs.TrySetResult(FailedLease))
                            {
                                // Updating queue count is handled by the cancellation code
                                _queueCount += oldestRequest.Count;
                            }
                        }
                        while (_options.QueueLimit - _queueCount < permitCount);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // Don't queue if queue limit reached and QueueProcessingOrder is OldestFirst
                        return new ValueTask<RateLimitLease>(QueueLimitLease);
                    }
                }
                CancelQueueState tcs = new CancelQueueState(permitCount, this, cancellationToken);
                CancellationTokenRegistration ctr = default;
                if (cancellationToken.CanBeCanceled)
                {
                    ctr = cancellationToken.Register(static obj =>
                    {
                        ((CancelQueueState)obj!).TrySetCanceled();
                    }, tcs);
                }
                RequestRegistration request = new RequestRegistration(permitCount, tcs, ctr);
                _queue.EnqueueTail(request);
                _queueCount += permitCount;
                Debug.Assert(_queueCount <= _options.QueueLimit);
                return new ValueTask<RateLimitLease>(request.Tcs.Task);
            }
        }

 private void Release(int releaseCount)
        {
            lock (Lock)
            {
                if (_disposed)
                {
                    return;
                }
                _permitCount += releaseCount;
                Debug.Assert(_permitCount <= _options.PermitLimit);
                while (_queue.Count > 0)
                {
                    RequestRegistration nextPendingRequest =
                        _options.QueueProcessingOrder == QueueProcessingOrder.OldestFirst
                        ? _queue.PeekHead()
                        : _queue.PeekTail();
                    if (_permitCount >= nextPendingRequest.Count)
                    {
                        nextPendingRequest =
                            _options.QueueProcessingOrder == QueueProcessingOrder.OldestFirst
                            ? _queue.DequeueHead()
                            : _queue.DequeueTail();
                        _permitCount -= nextPendingRequest.Count;
                        _queueCount -= nextPendingRequest.Count;
                        Debug.Assert(_permitCount >= 0);
                        ConcurrencyLease lease = nextPendingRequest.Count == 0 ? SuccessfulLease : new ConcurrencyLease(true, this, nextPendingRequest.Count);
                        // Check if request was canceled
                        if (!nextPendingRequest.Tcs.TrySetResult(lease))
                        {
                            // Queued item was canceled so add count back
                            _permitCount += nextPendingRequest.Count;
                            // Updating queue count is handled by the cancellation code
                            _queueCount += nextPendingRequest.Count;
                        }
                        nextPendingRequest.CancellationTokenRegistration.Dispose();
                        Debug.Assert(_queueCount >= 0);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (_permitCount == _options.PermitLimit)
                {
                    Debug.Assert(_idleSince is null);
                    Debug.Assert(_queueCount == 0);
                    _idleSince = Stopwatch.GetTimestamp();
                }
            }
        }