C++示例讲解friendstaticconst关键字的用法

class Date
{
public:
Date(int year, int month, int day)
: _year(year)
, _month(month)
, _day(day)
{}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout)
{
_cout<<d._year<<"-"<<d._month<<"-"<<d._day;
return _cout;
}
prvate:
int _year;
int _month;
int _day
};
int main()
{
Date d(2017, 12, 24);
d<<cout;
return 0;
}

class Date
{
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout, const Date& d);
friend istream& operator>>(istream& _cin, Date& d);
public:
Date(int year, int month, int day)
: _year(year)
, _month(month)
, _day(day)
{}
private:
int _year;
int _month;
int _day；
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout, const Date& d)
{
_cout<<d._year<<"-"<<d._month<<"-"<<d._day;
return _cout;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& _cin, Date& d)
{
_cin>>d._year;
_cin>>d._month;
_cin>>d._day;
return _cin;
}
int main()
{
Date d;
cin>>d;
cout<<d<<endl;
return 0;

class Date; // 前置声明
class Time
{
friend class Date; // 声明日期类为时间类的友元类，则在日期类中就直接访问Time类中的私有成
员变量
public:
Time(int hour, int minute, int second)
: _hour(hour)
, _minute(minute)
, _second(second)
{}
private:
int _hour;
int _minute;
int _second;
};
class Date
{
public:
Date(int year = 1900, int month = 1, int day = 1)
: _year(year)
, _month(month)
, _day(day)
{}
void SetTimeOfDate(int hour, int minute, int second)
{
// 直接访问时间类私有的成员变量
_t._hour = hour;
_t._minute = minute;
_t.second = second;
}
private:
int _year;
int _month;
int _day;
Time _t;
};

class A
{
public:
A() {++_scount;}
A(const A& t) {++_scount;}
static int GetACount() { return _scount;}
private:
static int _scount;
};
int A::_count = 0;
void TestA()
{
cout<<A::GetACount()<<endl;
A a1, a2;
A a3(a1);
cout<<A::GetACount()<<endl;
}