C# 从 UTF-8 流中读取字符串的正确方法及代码详解

string ReadString(Stream stream)
{
    var sb = new StringBuilder();
    var buffer = new byte[4096];
    int readCount;
    while ((readCount = stream.Read(buffer)) > 0)
    {
        var s = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, readCount);
        sb.Append(s);
    }

    return sb.ToString();
}

var bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("?");
// bytes = new byte[4] { 240, 159, 152, 138 }

var sb = new StringBuilder();
// 模拟逐个字节地读取数据流
for (var i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
{
    sb.Append(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes, i, 1));
}

Console.WriteLine(sb.ToString());
// "????" 代替了 "?"

Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sb.ToString());
// new byte[12] { 239, 191, 189, 239, 191, 189, 239, 191, 189, 239, 191, 189 }

string ReadString(Stream stream)
{
    using var ms = new MemoryStream();
    var buffer = new byte[4096];
    int readCount;
    while ((readCount = stream.Read(buffer)) > 0)
    {
        ms.Write(buffer, 0, readCount);
    }

    return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
}

string ReadString(Stream stream)
{
    using var sr = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8);
    return sr.ReadToEnd();
}