C语言动态内存管理介绍

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main() {
    char name[12];
    char *test;
 
    strcpy(name, "KiKiNiNi");
 
    // 动态分配内存
    test = (char *) malloc(26 * sizeof(char));
 
    // (void *) malloc(int num) -> num = 26 * sizeof(char)
    // void * 表示 未确定类型的指针
    // 分配了一块内存空间 大小为 num 存放值是未知的
 
    if (test == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error - unable to allocate required memory\n");
    } else {
        strcpy(test, "Maybe just like that!");
    }
 
    printf("Name = %s\n", name);
    printf("Test: %s\n", test);
 
    return 0;
}
 
// 运行结果
// Name = KiKiNiNi
// Test: Maybe just like that!

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main() {
    char name[12];
    char *test;
 
    strcpy(name, "KiKiNiNi");
 
    // 动态分配内存
    test = (void *) calloc(26, sizeof(char));
 
    // (void *) calloc(int num, int size) -> num = 26 / size = sizeof(char)
    // void * 表示 未确定类型的指针
    // 分配了 num 个 大小为 size 的连续空间 存放值初始化为 0
 
    if (test == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error - unable to allocate required memory\n");
    } else {
        strcpy(test, "Maybe just like that!");
    }
 
    printf("Name = %s\n", name);
    printf("Test: %s\n", test);
 
    return 0;
}
 
// 运行结果
// Name = KiKiNiNi
// Test: Maybe just like that!

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int main() {
    char name[12];
    char *test;
 
    strcpy(name, "KiKiNiNi");
 
    // 动态分配内存
    test = (char *) malloc(26 * sizeof(char));
 
    // (void *) malloc(int num) -> num = 26 * sizeof(char)
    // void * 表示 未确定类型的指针
    // 分配了一块内存空间 大小为 num 存放值是未知的
 
    if (test == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error - unable to allocate required memory\n");
    } else {
        strcpy(test, "Maybe just like that!");
    }
 
    
    test = (char *) realloc(test, 100 * sizeof(char));
    if (test == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error - unable to allocate required memory\n");
    } else {
        strcat(test, " It's a habit to love her.");
    }
 
    printf("Name = %s\n", name);
    printf("Test: %s\n", test);
 
    // 释放 test 内存空间
    free(test);
 
    return 0;
}
 
// 运行结果
// Name = KiKiNiNi
// Test: Maybe just like that! It's a habit to love her.