C#实现虚拟键盘的实例详解

public partial class FORM1 : Form
{
    private HookEx.UserActivityHook hook;//实例化HookEx.UserActivityHook
    private static IDictionary<short, IList<FecitButton>> spacialVKButtonsMap;//表示键/值对应的泛型集合
    private static IDictionary<short, IList<FecitButton>> combinationVKButtonsMap;//表示键/值对应的泛型集合

    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        #region 将指定的按钮值添加到键类型中
        spacialVKButtonsMap = new Dictionary<short, IList<FecitButton>>();
        combinationVKButtonsMap = new Dictionary<short, IList<FecitButton>>();
        IList<FecitButton> buttonList = new List<FecitButton>();//实例化IList<FecitButton>(按照索引单独访问的一组对象)
        buttonList.Add(this.btnLCTRL);//添加左面的CTRL键
        combinationVKButtonsMap.Add(KeyboardConstaint.VK_CONTROL, buttonList);//添加左面的CTRL键值
        buttonList = new List<FecitButton>();
        buttonList.Add(this.btnLSHFT);//添加左面的LSHFT键
        buttonList.Add(this.btnRSHFT);//添加右面的LSHFT键
        combinationVKButtonsMap.Add(KeyboardConstaint.VK_SHIFT, buttonList);//添加LSHFT键值
        buttonList = new List<FecitButton>();//实例化IList<FecitButton>
        buttonList.Add(this.btnLALT);//添加左面的ALT键
        combinationVKButtonsMap.Add(KeyboardConstaint.VK_MENU, buttonList);//添加左面的ALT键值
        buttonList = new List<FecitButton>();//实例化IList<FecitButton>
        buttonList.Add(this.btnLW);//添加左面的WIN键
        combinationVKButtonsMap.Add(KeyboardConstaint.VK_LWIN, buttonList);//添加左面的WIN键值
        buttonList = new List<FecitButton>();//实例化IList<FecitButton>
        buttonList.Add(this.btnLOCK);//添加LOCK键
        spacialVKButtonsMap.Add(KeyboardConstaint.VK_CapiTAL, buttonList);//添加LOCK键值
        #endregion

        foreach (Control ctrl in this.Controls)
        {
            FecitButton button = ctrl as FecitButton;
            if (button == null)
            {
                continue;
            }

            #region 设置按键的消息值
            short key = 0;//记录键值
            bool isSpacialKey = true;
            //记录快捷键的键值
            switch (button.Name)//获取键名称
            {
                case "btnLCTRL"://CTRL键的左键名称
                case "btnRCTRL"://CTRL键的右键名称
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_CONTROL;//获取CTRL键的键值
                    break;
                case "btnLSHFT"://SHFT键的左键名称
                case "btnRSHFT"://SHFT键的左键名称
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_SHIFT;//获取SHFT键的键值
                    break;
                case "btnLALT"://ALT键的左键名称
                case "btnRALT"://ALT键的左键名称
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_MENU;//获取ALT键的键值
                    break;
                case "btnLW"://WIN键的左键名称
                case "btnRW"://WIN键的左键名称
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_LWIN;//获取WIN键的键值
                    break;
                case "btnESC"://ESC键的名称
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_ESCAPE;//获取ESC键的键值
                    break;
                case "btnTAB"://TAB键的名称
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_TAB;//获取TAB键的键值
                    break;
                case "btnF1"://F1键的名称
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F1;//获取F1键的键值
                    break;
                case "btnF2":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F2;
                    break;
                case "btnF3":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F3;
                    break;
                case "btnF4":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F4;
                    break;
                case "btnF5":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F5;
                    break;
                case "btnF6":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F6;
                    break;
                case "btnF7":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F7;
                    break;

                case "btnF8":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F8;
                    break;
                case "btnF9":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F9;
                    break;
                case "btnF10":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F10;
                    break;
                case "btnF11":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F11;
                    break;
                case "btnF12":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_F12;
                    break;
                case "btnENT":
                case "btnNUMENT":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_RETURN;
                    break;
                case "btnWave":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_3;
                    break;
                case "btnSem":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_1;
                    break;
                case "btnQute":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_7;
                    break;
                case "btnSpace":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_SPACE;
                    break;
                case "btnBKSP":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_BACK;
                    break;
                case "btnComma":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_COMMA;
                    break;
                case "btnFullStop":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_PERIOD;
                    break;
                case "btnLOCK":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_CAPITAL;
                    break;
                case "btnMinus":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_MINUS;
                    break;
                case "btnEqual":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_PLUS;
                    break;
                case "btnLBracket":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_4;
                    break;
                case "btnRBracket":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_6;
                    break;
                case "btnPath":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_5;
                    break;
                case "btnDivide":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_OEM_2;
                    break;
                case "btnPSC":
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_SNAPSHOT;
                    break;
                case "btnINS"://Insert键的名称
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_INSERT;//获取Insert键的键值
                    break;
                case "btnDEL"://Delete键的名称
                    key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_DELETE;//获取Delete键的键值
                    break;
                default:
                    isSpacialKey = false;
                    break;
            }
            if (!isSpacialKey)
            {
                key = (short)button.Name[3];//获取按钮的键值
            }
            button.Tag = key;//在按钮的Tag属性中记录相应的键值
            #endregion
            button.Click += ButtonOnClick;//重载按钮的单击事件
        }
        this.hook = new HookEx.UserActivityHook(true, true);
        HookEvents();
    }

    private void HookEvents()
    {
        this.hook.KeyDown += HookOnGlobalKeyDown;//重载hook类中的自定义事件KeyDown
        this.hook.KeyUp += HookOnGlobalKeyUp;//重载hook类中的自定义事件KeyUp
        this.hook.MouseActivity += HookOnMouseActivity;//重载hook类中的自定义事件MouseActivity
    }

    private void ButtonOnClick(object sender, EventArgs e)//按键的单击事件
    {
        FecitButton btnKey = sender as FecitButton;//获取当前按键的信息
        if (btnKey == null)//如果按键为空值
            return;
        SendKeyCommand(btnKey);//发送按键的信息
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 接收并发送按键信息
    /// </summary>
    /// <param keyButton="FecitButton">按键信息</param>
    private void SendKeyCommand(FecitButton keyButton)
    {
        short key = Convert.ToInt16(keyButton.Tag.ToString());//获取当前键的键值
        if (combinationVKButtonsMap.ContainsKey(key))//如果键值在键值列表中
        {
            if (keyButton.Checked)//如果按钮处于按下状态
            {
                SendKeyUp(key);//对按钮进行抬起操作
            }
            else
            {
                SendKeyDown(key);//对按钮进行按下操作
            }
        }
        else
        {
            //执行按钮按下和抬起的操作
            SendKeyDown(key);
            SendKeyUp(key);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 记录键盘的按下操作的值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param key="short">键值</param>
    private void SendKeyDown(short key)
    {
        Input[] input = new Input[1];//实例化Input[]
        input[0].type = INPUT.KEYBOARD;//记录当有键值的类型
        input[0].ki.wVk = key;//记录当前键值
        input[0].ki.time = NativeMethods.GetTickCount();//获取自windows启动以来经历的时间长度（毫秒）
        //消息的输入
        if (NativeMethods.SendInput((uint)input.Length, input, Marshal.SizeOf(input[0])) < input.Length)
        {
            throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());//指定错误的初始化
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 记录键盘抬起操作的值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param key="short">键值</param>
    private void SendKeyUp(short key)
    {
        Input[] input = new Input[1];//实例化Input[]
        input[0].type = INPUT.KEYBOARD;//记录当有键值的类型
        input[0].ki.wVk = key;//记录当前键值
        input[0].ki.dwFlags = KeyboardConstaint.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
        input[0].ki.time = NativeMethods.GetTickCount();//获取自windows启动以来经历的时间长度（毫秒）
        //消息的输入
        if (NativeMethods.SendInput((uint)input.Length, input, Marshal.SizeOf(input[0])) < input.Length)
        {
            throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());//指定错误的初始化
        }
    }

    //键盘的按下事件
    private void HookOnGlobalKeyDown(object sender, HookEx.KeyExEventArgs e)
    {
        SetButtonStatus(e, true);
    }

    //键盘的抬起事件
    private void HookOnGlobalKeyUp(object sender, HookEx.KeyExEventArgs e)
    {
        SetButtonStatus(e, false);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 设置当前按钮的状态
    /// </summary>
    /// <param args="KeyExEventArgs">键信息</param>
    /// <param isDown="bool">标识，当前键是否按下</param>
    private void SetButtonStatus(HookEx.KeyExEventArgs args, bool isDown)
    {
        IList<FecitButton> buttonList = FindButtonList(args);//查找当有键
        if (buttonList.Count <= 0)//如果没有找到
            return;//退出本次操作
        short key = (short)args.KeyValue;//获取当前键的键值
        if (spacialVKButtonsMap.ContainsKey(key))//如果键/值列表中有该键
        {
            if (!isDown)//如果按钮没有被按下
            {
                FecitButton button = spacialVKButtonsMap[key][0];//设置按钮的信息
                button.Checked = !button.Checked;//设置当前按钮为按下状态
            }
        }
        else
        {
            foreach (FecitButton button in buttonList)//遍历IList中的所有按钮
            {
                if (button == null)//如果按钮为空
                    break;//退出循环
                button.Checked = isDown;//设置按钮的状态
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 鼠标事件
    /// </summary>
    /// <param sener="object">鼠标对象</param>
    /// <param e="MouseExEventArgs">为MouseUp、MouseDown和MouseMove事件提供数据</param>
    private void HookOnMouseActivity(object sener, HookEx.MouseExEventArgs e)
    {
        Point location = e.Location;//获取鼠标的位置
        if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left)//如果是鼠标左键
        {
            Rectangle captionRect = new Rectangle(this.Location, new Size(this.Width, SystemInformation.CaptionHeight));//获取窗体的所在区域
            if (captionRect.Contains(location))//如果鼠标在该窗体范围内
            {   //设置窗体的扩展样式
                NativeMethods.SetWindowLong(this.Handle, KeyboardConstaint.GWL_EXSTYLE, (int)NativeMethods.GetWindowLong(this.Handle, KeyboardConstaint.GWL_EXSTYLE) & (~KeyboardConstaint.WS_DISABLED));
                //将消息发送给指定窗体 
                NativeMethods.SendMessage(this.Handle, KeyboardConstaint.WM_SETFOCUS, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
            }
            else
            {
                //设置窗体的扩展样式
                NativeMethods.SetWindowLong(this.Handle, KeyboardConstaint.GWL_EXSTYLE, (int)NativeMethods.GetWindowLong(this.Handle, KeyboardConstaint.GWL_EXSTYLE) | KeyboardConstaint.WS_DISABLED);
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 在键列表中查找键值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param args="KeyExEventArgs">键信息</param>
    private IList<FecitButton> FindButtonList(HookEx.KeyExEventArgs args)
    {
        short key = (short)args.KeyValue;//获取键值
        if (key == KeyboardConstaint.VK_LCONTROL || key == KeyboardConstaint.VK_RCONTROL)//如果是CTRL键
        {
            key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_CONTROL;//记录CTRL键值
        }
        else if (key == KeyboardConstaint.VK_LSHIFT || key == KeyboardConstaint.VK_RSHIFT)//如果是SHIFT键
        {
            key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_SHIFT;//记录SHIFT键值
        }
        else if (key == KeyboardConstaint.VK_LMENU || key == KeyboardConstaint.VK_RMENU)//如果是ALT键
        {
            key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_MENU;//记录ALT键值
        }
        else if (key == KeyboardConstaint.VK_RWIN)//如果是WIN键
        {
            key = KeyboardConstaint.VK_LWIN;//记录WIN键值
        }

        if (combinationVKButtonsMap.ContainsKey(key))//如果在IDictionary的集合中
        {
            return combinationVKButtonsMap[key];//返回当前键的键值
        }
        IList<FecitButton> buttonList = new List<FecitButton>();//实例化IList<FecitButton>
        foreach (Control ctrl in this.Controls)//遍历当前窗体中的所有控件
        {
            FecitButton button = ctrl as FecitButton;//如果当前控件是FecitButton按钮
            if (button == null)//如果当前按钮为空
                continue;//重新循环
            short theKey = Convert.ToInt16(button.Tag.ToString());//获取当前按钮的键值
            if (theKey == key)//如果与当前操作的按钮相同
            {
                buttonList.Add(button);//添加当前操作的按键信息
                break;
            }
        }
        return buttonList;
    }
}

public partial class FecitButton : Button
{
    public FecitButton()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        base.Font = new Font("宋体", 9.75F, FontStyle.Bold);
        base.Width = 26;
        base.Height = 25;
    }

    private Color Color_Brush = Color.MediumPurple;
    private Color Color_Pen = Color.IndiGo;
    public static bool MouseE = false;

    private bool TChecked = false;
    [Browsable(true), Category("按钮操作"), Description("设置按钮是否被按下，如按下，则为true")]
    public bool Checked
    {
        get { return TChecked; }
        set
        {
            TChecked = value;
            Invalidate();
        }
    }

    protected override void OnPaint(System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
    {
        Color tem_colorb = Color_Brush;
        Color tem_colorp = Color_Pen;
        if (Checked)
        {
            Color_Brush = Color.Pink;
            Color_Pen = Color.PaleVioletRed;
        }
        else
        {
            Color_Brush = tem_colorb;
            Color_Pen = tem_colorp;
        }
        SolidBrush tem_Brush = new SolidBrush(Color_Brush);
        Pen tem_Pen = new Pen(new SolidBrush(Color_Pen), 2);
        e.Graphics.FillRectangle(tem_Brush, 0, 0, this.Width, this.Height);
        e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(tem_Pen, 1, 1, this.Width - 2, this.Height - 2);
        ProtractText(e.Graphics);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 鼠标移入控件的可见区域时触发
    /// </summary>
    protected override void OnMouseEnter(EventArgs e)
    {
        Color_Brush = Color.LightSteelBlue;
        Color_Pen = Color.LightSlateGray;
        Invalidate();
        base.OnMouseEnter(e);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 鼠标移出控件的可见区域时触发
    /// </summary>
    protected override void OnMouseLeave(EventArgs e)
    {
        Color_Brush = Color.MediumPurple;
        Color_Pen = Color.Indigo;
        Invalidate();
        base.OnMouseLeave(e);
    }

    private void ProtractText(Graphics g)
    {
        Graphics TitG = this.CreateGraphics();//创建Graphics类对象
        string TitS = base.Text;//获取图表标题的名称
        SizeF TitSize = TitG.MeasureString(TitS, this.Font);//将绘制的字符串进行格式化
        float TitWidth = TitSize.Width;//获取字符串的宽度
        float TitHeight = TitSize.Height;//获取字符串的高度
        float TitX = 0;//标题的横向坐标
        float TitY = 0;//标题的纵向坐标
        if (this.Height > TitHeight)
            TitY = (this.Height - TitHeight) / 2F;
        else
            TitY = 1;
        if (this.Width > TitWidth)
            TitX = (this.Width - TitWidth) / 2F;
        else
            TitX = 2;
        Rectangle rect = new Rectangle((int)Math.Floor(TitX), (int)Math.Floor(TitY), (int)Math.Ceiling(TitWidth), (int)Math.Ceiling(TitHeight));
        g.DrawString(TitS, base.Font,new SolidBrush(base.ForeColor), new PointF(TitX, TitY));

    }
}

internal static class KeyboardConstaint
{
    internal static readonly short VK_F1 = 0x70;
    internal static readonly short VK_F2 = 0x71;
    internal static readonly short VK_F3 = 0x72;
    internal static readonly short VK_F4 = 0x73;
    internal static readonly short VK_F5 = 0x74;
    internal static readonly short VK_F6 = 0x75;
    internal static readonly short VK_F7 = 0x76;
    internal static readonly short VK_F8 = 0x77;
    internal static readonly short VK_F9 = 0x78;
    internal static readonly short VK_F10 = 0x79;
    internal static readonly short VK_F11 = 0x7A;
    internal static readonly short VK_F12 = 0x7B;
    internal static readonly short VK_LEFT = 0x25;
    internal static readonly short VK_UP = 0x26;
    internal static readonly short VK_RIGHT = 0x27;
    internal static readonly short VK_DOWN = 0x28;
    internal static readonly short VK_NONE = 0x00;
    internal static readonly short VK_ESCAPE = 0x1B;
    internal static readonly short VK_EXECUTE = 0x2B;
    internal static readonly short VK_CANCEL = 0x03;
    internal static readonly short VK_RETURN = 0x0D;
    internal static readonly short VK_ACCEPT = 0x1E;
    internal static readonly short VK_BACK = 0x08;
    internal static readonly short VK_TAB = 0x09;
    internal static readonly short VK_DELETE = 0x2E;
    internal static readonly short VK_CAPITAL = 0x14;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMLOCK = 0x90;
    internal static readonly short VK_SPACE = 0x20;
    internal static readonly short VK_DECIMAL = 0x6E;
    internal static readonly short VK_SUBTRACT = 0x6D;
    internal static readonly short VK_ADD = 0x6B;
    internal static readonly short VK_DIVIDE = 0x6F;
    internal static readonly short VK_MULTIPLY = 0x6A;
    internal static readonly short VK_INSERT = 0x2D;
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_1 = 0xBA;  // ';:' for US
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_PLUS = 0xBB;  // '+' any country
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_MINUS = 0xBD;  // '-' any country
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_2 = 0xBF;  // '/?' for US
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_3 = 0xC0;  // '`~' for US
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_4 = 0xDB;  //  '[{' for US
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_5 = 0xDC;  //  '\|' for US
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_6 = 0xDD;  //  ']}' for US
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_7 = 0xDE;  //  ''"' for US
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_PERIOD = 0xBE;  // '.>' any country
    internal static readonly short VK_OEM_COMMA = 0xBC;  // ',<' any country
    internal static readonly short VK_SHIFT = 0x10;
    internal static readonly short VK_CONTROL = 0x11;
    internal static readonly short VK_MENU = 0x12;
    internal static readonly short VK_LWIN = 0x5B;
    internal static readonly short VK_RWIN = 0x5C;
    internal static readonly short VK_APPS = 0x5D;
    internal static readonly short VK_LSHIFT = 0xA0;
    internal static readonly short VK_RSHIFT = 0xA1;
    internal static readonly short VK_LCONTROL = 0xA2;
    internal static readonly short VK_RCONTROL = 0xA3;
    internal static readonly short VK_LMENU = 0xA4;
    internal static readonly short VK_RMENU = 0xA5;
    internal static readonly short VK_SNAPSHOT = 0x2C;
    internal static readonly short VK_SCROLL = 0x91;
    internal static readonly short VK_PAUSE = 0x13;
    internal static readonly short VK_HOME = 0x24;
    internal static readonly short VK_NEXT = 0x22;
    internal static readonly short VK_PRIOR = 0x21;
    internal static readonly short VK_END = 0x23;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD0 = 0x60;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD1 = 0x61;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD2 = 0x62;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD3 = 0x63;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD4 = 0x64;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD5 = 0x65;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD5NOTHING = 0x0C;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD6 = 0x66;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD7 = 0x67;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD8 = 0x68;
    internal static readonly short VK_NUMPAD9 = 0x69;
    internal static readonly short KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY = 0x0001;
    internal static readonly short KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 0x0002;
    internal static readonly int GWL_EXSTYLE = -20;
    internal static readonly int WS_DISABLED = 0X8000000;
    internal static readonly int WM_SETFOCUS = 0X0007;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
internal struct MOUSEINPUT
{
    public int dx;
    public int dy;
    public int mouseData;
    public int dwFlags;
    public int time;
    public IntPtr dwExtraInfo;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
internal struct KEYBDINPUT
{
    public short wVk;
    public short wScan;
    public int dwFlags;
    public int time;
    public IntPtr dwExtraInfo;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
internal struct Input
{
    [FieldOffset(0)]
    public int type;
    [FieldOffset(4)]
    public MOUSEINPUT mi;
    [FieldOffset(4)]
    public KEYBDINPUT ki;
    [FieldOffset(4)]
    public HARDWAREINPUT hi;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
internal struct HARDWAREINPUT
{
    public int uMsg;
    public short wParamL;
    public short wParamH;
}

internal class INPUT
{
    public const int MOUSE = 0;
    public const int KEYBOARD = 1;
    public const int HARDWARE = 2;
}

internal static class NativeMethods
{
    [DllImport("User32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = false)]
    internal static extern IntPtr GetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex);

    [DllImport("User32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = false)]
    internal static extern IntPtr SetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex, int dwNewLong);

    [DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendInput", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    internal static extern UInt32 SendInput(UInt32 nInputs, Input[] pInputs, Int32 cbSize);

    [DllImport("Kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetTickCount", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    internal static extern int GetTickCount();

    [DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "GeTKEyState", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    internal static extern short GetKeyState(int nVirtKey);

    [DllImport("User32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    internal static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
}