Python格式化字符串f-string简介

>>> name = 'Eric'
>>> f'Hello, my name is {name}'
'Hello, my name is Eric'

>>> number = 7
>>> f'My lucky number is {number}'
'My lucky number is 7'

>>> price = 19.99
>>> f'The price of this book is {price}'
'The price of this book is 19.99'

>>> f'A total number of {24 * 8 + 4}'
'A total number of 196'

>>> f'Complex number {(2 + 2j) / (2 - 3j)}'
'Complex number (-0.15384615384615388+0.7692307692307692j)'

>>> name = 'ERIC'
>>> f'My name is {name.lower()}'
'My name is eric'

>>> import math
>>> f'The answer is {math.log(math.pi)}'
'The answer is 1.1447298858494002'

>>> f'I am {"Eric"}'
'I am Eric'
>>> f'I am {'Eric'}'
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    f'I am {'Eric'}'
                ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

>>> f"He said {"I'm Eric"}"
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    f"He said {"I'm Eric"}"
                ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

>>> f'He said {"I'm Eric"}'
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    f'He said {"I'm Eric"}'
                  ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

>>> f"""He said {"I'm Eric"}"""
"He said I'm Eric"
>>> f'''He said {"I'm Eric"}'''
"He said I'm Eric"

>>> f'''He\'ll say {"I'm Eric"}'''
"He'll say I'm Eric"
>>> f'''He'll say {"I\'m Eric"}'''
  File "<stdin>", line 1
SyntaxError: f-string expression part cannot include a backslash

>>> f'5 {"{stars}"}'
'5 {stars}'
>>> f'{{5}} {"stars"}'
'{5} stars'

>>> f"newline: {ord('\n')}"
  File "<stdin>", line 1
SyntaxError: f-string expression part cannot include a backslash

>>> newline = ord('\n')
>>> f'newline: {newline}'
'newline: 10'

>>> name = 'Eric'
>>> age = 27
>>> f"Hello!" \
... f"I'm {name}." \
... f"I'm {age}."
"Hello!I'm Eric.I'm 27."
>>> f"""Hello!
...     I'm {name}.
...     I'm {age}."""
"Hello!\n    I'm Eric.\n    I'm 27."

>>> a = 123.456
>>> f'a is {a:8.2f}'
'a is   123.46'
>>> f'a is {a:08.2f}'
'a is 00123.46'
>>> f'a is {a:8.2e}'
'a is 1.23e+02'
>>> f'a is {a:8.2%}'
'a is 12345.60%'
>>> f'a is {a:8.2g}'
'a is  1.2e+02'

>>> s = 'hello'
>>> f's is {s:8s}'
's is hello   '
>>> f's is {s:8.3s}'
's is hel     '

>>> a = 1234567890.098765
>>> f'a is {a:f}'
'a is 1234567890.098765'
>>> f'a is {a:,f}'
'a is 1,234,567,890.098765'
>>> f'a is {a:_f}'
'a is 1_234_567_890.098765'

>>> b = 1234567890
>>> f'b is {b:_b}'
'b is 100_1001_1001_0110_0000_0010_1101_0010'
>>> f'b is {b:_o}'
'b is 111_4540_1322'
>>> f'b is {b:_d}'
'b is 1_234_567_890'
>>> f'b is {b:_x}'
'b is 4996_02d2'

>>> a = 1234
>>> f'a is {a:^#10X}'      # 居中，宽度10位，十六进制整数（大写字母），显示0X前缀
'a is   0X4D2   '

>>> b = 1234.5678
>>> f'b is {b:<+10.2f}'    # 左对齐，宽度10位，显示正号（+），定点数格式，2位小数
'b is +1234.57  '

>>> c = 12345678
>>> f'c is {c:015,d}'      # 高位补零，宽度15位，十进制整数，使用,作为千分分割位
'c is 000,012,345,678'

>>> d = 0.5 + 2.5j
>>> f'd is {d:30.3e}'      # 宽度30位，科学计数法，3位小数
'd is           5.000e-01+2.500e+00j'

>>> import datetime
>>> e = datetime.datetime.today()
>>> f'the time is {e:%Y-%m-%d (%a) %H:%M:%S}'   # datetime时间格式
'the time is 2018-07-14 (Sat) 20:46:02'

>>> f'result is {lambda x: x ** 2 + 1 (2)}'
  File "<fstring>", line 1
    (lambda x)
             ^
SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing

>>> f'result is {(lambda x: x ** 2 + 1) (2)}'
'result is 5'
>>> f'result is {(lambda x: x ** 2 + 1) (2):<+7.2f}'
'result is +5.00  '