iOS内存管理TaggedPointer使用原理详解

#if __LP64__ || 0 || NS_BUILD_32_LIKE_64
typedef long NSInteger;
typedef unsigned long NSUInteger;
#else
typedef int NSInteger;
typedef unsigned int NSUInteger;
#endif

int main(int arGC, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        NSNumber *number1 = @1;
        NSNumber *number2 = @2;
        NSNumber *number3 = @3;
        NSNumber *number4 = @(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF);
        NSLog(@"%p %p %p %p", number1, number2, number3, number4);
    }
    return 0;
}
// 关闭 Tagged Pointer 数据混淆后：0x127 0x227 0x327 0x600003a090e0
// 关闭 Tagged Pointer 数据混淆前：0xaca2838a63a4fb34 0xaca2838a63a4fb04 0xaca2838a63a4fb14 0x600003a090e0

// objc-internal.h
{
    OBJC_TAG_NSAtom            = 0, 
    OBJC_TAG_1                 = 1, 
    OBJC_TAG_NSString          = 2, 
    OBJC_TAG_NSNumber          = 3, 
    OBJC_TAG_NSIndexPath       = 4, 
    OBJC_TAG_NSManagedObjectID = 5, 
    OBJC_TAG_NSDate            = 6,
    ......
}

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        char a = 1;
        short b = 1;
        int c = 1;
        long d = 1;
        float e = 1.0;
        double f = 1.00;
        NSNumber *number1 = @(a);
        NSNumber *number2 = @(b);
        NSNumber *number3 = @(c);
        NSNumber *number4 = @(d);
        NSNumber *number5 = @(e);
        NSNumber *number6 = @(f);
        NSLog(@"%p %p %p %p %p %p", number1, number2, number3, number4, number5, number6);
    }
    return 0;
}
// 0x107 0x117 0x127 0x137 0x147 0x157

// MRC 环境
#define HTLog(_var) \
{ \
    NSString *name = @#_var; \
    NSLog(@"%@: %p, %@, %lu", name, _var, [_var class], [_var retainCount]); \
}
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        NSString *a = @"a";
        NSMutableString *b = [a mutableCopy];
        NSString *c = [a copy];
        NSString *d = [[a mutableCopy] copy];
        NSString *e = [NSString stringWithString:a];
        NSString *f = [NSString stringWithFORMat:@"f"];
        NSString *string1 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"abcdefg"];
        NSString *string2 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"abcdefghi"];
        NSString *string3 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"abcdefghij"];
        HTLog(a);
        HTLog(b);
        HTLog(c);
        HTLog(d);
        HTLog(e);
        HTLog(f);
        HTLog(string1);
        HTLog(string2);
        HTLog(string3);
    }
    return 0;
}

// objc-internal.h
static inline bool 
_objc_isTaggedPointer(const void * _Nullable ptr)
{
    return ((uintptr_t)ptr & _OBJC_TAG_MASK) == _OBJC_TAG_MASK;
}

#if (TARGET_OS_OSX || TARGET_OS_IOSMAC) && __x86_64__
    // 64-bit Mac - tag bit is LSB
#   define OBJC_MSB_TAGGED_POINTERS 0  // MacOS
#else
    // Everything else - tag bit is MSB
#   define OBJC_MSB_TAGGED_POINTERS 1  // iOS
#endif
#define _OBJC_TAG_INDEX_MASK 0x7
// array slot includes the tag bit itself
#define _OBJC_TAG_SLOT_COUNT 16
#define _OBJC_TAG_SLOT_MASK 0xf
#define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_INDEX_MASK 0xff
// array slot has no extra bits
#define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_SLOT_COUNT 256
#define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_SLOT_MASK 0xff
#if OBJC_MSB_TAGGED_POINTERS
#   define _OBJC_TAG_MASK (1UL<<63)  // _OBJC_TAG_MASK
#   define _OBJC_TAG_INDEX_SHIFT 60
#   define _OBJC_TAG_SLOT_SHIFT 60
#   define _OBJC_TAG_PAYLOAD_LSHIFT 4
#   define _OBJC_TAG_PAYLOAD_RSHIFT 4
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_MASK (0xfUL<<60)
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_INDEX_SHIFT 52
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_SLOT_SHIFT 52
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_PAYLOAD_LSHIFT 12
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_PAYLOAD_RSHIFT 12
#else
#   define _OBJC_TAG_MASK 1UL       // _OBJC_TAG_MASK
#   define _OBJC_TAG_INDEX_SHIFT 1
#   define _OBJC_TAG_SLOT_SHIFT 0
#   define _OBJC_TAG_PAYLOAD_LSHIFT 0
#   define _OBJC_TAG_PAYLOAD_RSHIFT 4
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_MASK 0xfUL
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_INDEX_SHIFT 4
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_SLOT_SHIFT 4
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_PAYLOAD_LSHIFT 0
#   define _OBJC_TAG_EXT_PAYLOAD_RSHIFT 12
#endif

    ENTRY _objc_msgSend
    UNWIND _objc_msgSend, NoFrame
    cmp p0, #0          // nil check and tagged pointer check
#if SUPPORT_TAGGED_POINTERS
    b.le    LNilOrTagged        //  (MSB tagged pointer looks negative)
#else
    b.eq    LReturnZero
#endif
    ldr p13, [x0]       // p13 = isa
    GetClassFromIsa_p16 p13     // p16 = class
LGetIsaDone:
    // calls imp or objc_msgSend_uncached
    CacheLookup NORMAL, _objc_msgSend
#if SUPPORT_TAGGED_POINTERS
LNilOrTagged:
    b.eq    LReturnZero     // nil check
    // tagged
    adrp    x10, _objc_debug_taggedpointer_classes@PAGE
    add x10, x10, _objc_debug_taggedpointer_classes@PAGEOFF
    ubfx    x11, x0, #60, #4
    ldr x16, [x10, x11, LSL #3]
    adrp    x10, _OBJC_CLASS_$___NSUnrecognizedTaggedPointer@PAGE
    add x10, x10, _OBJC_CLASS_$___NSUnrecognizedTaggedPointer@PAGEOFF
    cmp x10, x16
    b.ne    LGetIsaDone
    // ext tagged
    adrp    x10, _objc_debug_taggedpointer_ext_classes@PAGE
    add x10, x10, _objc_debug_taggedpointer_ext_classes@PAGEOFF
    ubfx    x11, x0, #52, #8
    ldr x16, [x10, x11, LSL #3]
    b   LGetIsaDone
// SUPPORT_TAGGED_POINTERS
#endif

ALWAYS_INLINE id 
objc_object::rootRetain(bool tryRetain, bool handleOverflow)
{
    // 如果是 tagged pointer，直接返回 this
    if (isTaggedPointer()) return (id)this; 
    bool sideTableLocked = false;
    bool transcribeToSideTable = false; 
    isa_t oldisa;
    isa_t newisa;
    ......