Android Thread 介绍与实例

Android中很重要的一个机制就是线程+消息，当然线程并不是android独有的，下面，简单的说说使用线程的时候应该注意的地方

我们采用最简单的方法来建立一个android的线程+消息的例子

1.Thread + Handler

[java]

代码如下:
package com.example.test_thread;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    TextView mTextView = null;
//  static TextView mTextView = null; 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview);
        Thread th = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
                for(int i = 0;i<1000;i++)
                {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(500);
                        System.out.println("Thread running :"+i+"!");
                        Message msg = new Message();
                        msg.what = i;
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        th.start();
    }
    public Handler mHandler = new Handler(){
//    public static Handler mHandler = new Handler(){ 
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            mTextView.setText(String.valueOf(msg.what));
        }
    };
}

package com.example.test_thread;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

 TextView mTextView = null;
// static TextView mTextView = null;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview);
        Thread th = new Thread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    for(int i = 0;i<1000;i++)
    {
     try {
      Thread.sleep(500);
      System.out.println("Thread running :"+i+"!");
      Message msg = new Message();
      msg.what = i;
      mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
     } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      // TODO Auto-generated catch block
      e.printStackTrace();
     }
    }
   }
  });
        th.start();
    }
    public Handler mHandler = new Handler(){
//    public static Handler mHandler = new Handler(){

  @Override
  public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
   // TODO Auto-generated method stub
   super.handleMessage(msg);
   mTextView.setText(String.valueOf(msg.what));
  }
    };
}

当我们用以上方式建立线程时，进入应用之后，线程开始运行，Handler接收消息改变UI中的TextView，此时一切正常

当按下退出时，程序退出，但是程序进程还在stack中，因此主线程之子线程，也就是我们定义的th（th_1）不会退出，此时，在log信息中可以看到，system.out还在print数字

当再次进入程序的时候，可以看到，log中打印的信息double，但是UI会按照新线程（th_2）的次序改变

此时th_1仍在运行，th_1使用的 handler_1也在运行，只不过上一个Activity的状态已经是finish，因此不会改变UI  this ->mFinished= true

其实只要th_1中有关于上一个Activity的引用，那么Activity就不会销毁，java的机制就是这样，这是我们推荐的线程机制，下面着重说一下可能遇到的问题

2.同样是刚刚的例子，我们将Handler定义成static

[java]
public static Handler mHandler = new Handler(){

public static Handler mHandler = new Handler(){此时，在退出应用再重新进入时，由于Handler并不会有新的实例，因此，th_1与th_2同时发消息给一个static Handler 或者说是指向了同一块内存区域，这时就会出现TextView上的数字来回跳的现象

3.这样也可以

使用static定义Handler也不是不可以，只要在Activity的onCreate()中重新实例一个Handler，这样，JVM分配另一块内存给新的Handler，这样运行就正常了

[java]
代码如下:
package com.example.test_thread;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    public Handler mHandler = null;
    TextView mTextView = null;
//  static TextView mTextView = null; 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview);
        mHandler = new TestHandler();
        Thread th = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
                for(int i = 0;i<1000;i++)
                {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(500);
                        System.out.println("Thread running :"+i+"!");
                        Message msg = new Message();
                        msg.what = i;
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        th.start();
    }
    class TestHandler extends Handler
    {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub 
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            System.out.println("Handler running :"+msg.what+"!");
            mTextView.setText(String.valueOf(msg.what));
  & nbsp;     }
    }
}

package com.example.test_thread;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    public Handler mHandler = null;
 TextView mTextView = null;
// static TextView mTextView = null;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview);
        mHandler = new TestHandler();
        Thread th = new Thread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    for(int i = 0;i<1000;i++)
    {
     try {
      Thread.sleep(500);
      System.out.println("Thread running :"+i+"!");
      Message msg = new Message();
      msg.what = i;
      mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
     } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      // TODO Auto-generated catch block
      e.printStackTrace();
     }
    }
   }
  });
        th.start();
    }
    class TestHandler extends Handler
    {
  @Override
  public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
   // TODO Auto-generated method stub
   super.handleMessage(msg);
   System.out.println("Handler running :"+msg.what+"!");
   mTextView.setText(String.valueOf(msg.what));
  }
    }
}

当然，总的来说Java还是不推荐使用static变量的，这本身也不符合面向对象的变成思想，所以，建议除了一些final值，尽量还是多使用消息机制来解决问题，维护也轻松些

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