WPF自定义控件如何实现

今天小编给大家分享一下WPF自定义控件如何实现的相关知识点，内容详细，逻辑清晰，相信大部分人都还太了解这方面的知识，所以分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后有所收获，下面我们一起来了解一下吧。

方式一：基于现有控件进行扩展，如基于button进行扩展，UI可直接用xmal进行编辑设计，逻辑用xaml.cs进行编辑

方法二：直接创建wpf自定义控件

本文用方法二开展自定义控件！！！

自定义控件的内容在代码cs文件中，自定义控件继承自Control，ui界面可在Genric.xaml中定义。

在Generic.xaml中定义控件界面

  <Style  TargetType="{x:Type ctrl:DevButton}">        <Setter Property="Template">            <Setter.Value>                <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ctrl:DevButton}">                    <Border Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"                            BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"                            BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}">                                                   <Grid>                                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>                                    <ColumnDefinition Width="0.1*" MaxWidth="5"/>                                    <ColumnDefinition/>                                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>                                //自定义控件中的组成 ，需要定义x:name,后台代码需要用到，button中的DevName是后台cs中定义的依赖属性                                <Rectangle Margin="1" x:Name="statusLed"/>                                <Button Grid.Column="1" x:Name="devBtn" Content="{TemplateBinding DevName}"/>                            </Grid>                                            </Border>                </ControlTemplate>            </Setter.Value>        </Setter>    </Style>

 上述界面中定义了两个控件，组成本自定义控件的外观显示。一个rectangle，用颜色对状态进行显示，一个button，是本自定义控件的主要内容，需要显示设备名称，Click事件/Command需要触发任务。

后台处理

1  定义自定义属性DevName

        public string DevName        {            get { return (string)GetValue(DevNameProperty); }            set { SetValue(DevNameProperty, value); }        }        public static readonly DependencyProperty DevNameProperty =        DependencyProperty.ReGISter("DevName", typeof(string), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata("", new PropertyChangedCallback(OnDevNameChanged)));        private static void OnDevNameChanged(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)        {            DevButton ctrl =sender as DevButton;            ctrl.DevName = e.NewValue.ToString();                   }

2  定义与前端界面UI元素对应的信息

        private Rectangle statusLed;        private Button devBtn;        public override void OnApplyTemplate()        {            //备用方法 Template.FindName(DownButtonKey, this) as Button;            statusLed = GetTemplateChild("statusLed") as Rectangle;            devBtn = GetTemplateChild("devBtn") as Button;            devBtn.Click += DevBtn_Click;            base.OnApplyTemplate();                          }

依据控件名称查找模板中的控件，并注册button的click事件

3  定义事件

       private void DevBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            MessageBox.Show(DevName);        }

自定义控件主要就是上述几步。总体代码如下：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Globalization;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.windows;using System.Windows.Controls;using System.Windows.Data;using System.Windows.Documents;using System.Windows.Input;using System.Windows.Media;using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;using System.Windows.Navigation;using System.Windows.Shapes; namespace WpfApp2{    /// <summary>    /// Author:yut 2022-12-21    /// Function:自定义控件，用于设备的启停控制，同时显示设备的运行状态    /// <summary>    public class DevButton : Control    {                     public DevButton()        {            SetCurrentValue(WidthProperty, 100d);            SetCurrentValue(HeightProperty, 25d);            SetCurrentValue(BackgroundProperty, Brushes.Yellow);                    }        static DevButton()        {            DefaultStyleKeyProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(typeof(DevButton)));        }         private Rectangle statusLed;        private Button devBtn;        public override void OnApplyTemplate()        {                        statusLed = GetTemplateChild("statusLed") as Rectangle;            devBtn = GetTemplateChild("devBtn") as Button;            devBtn.Click += DevBtn_Click;            base.OnApplyTemplate();                          }         #region 自定义属性        public int DevId        {            get { return (int)GetValue(DevIdProperty); }            set { SetValue(DevIdProperty, value); }        }        public static readonly DependencyProperty DevIdProperty =          DependencyProperty.Register("DevId", typeof(int), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(-1,new PropertyChangedCallback(OnDevIdChanged)));        private static void OnDevIdChanged(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)        {            DevButton ctrl = (DevButton)sender;            ctrl.DevId = (int)e.NewValue;        }         public string DevName        {            get { return (string)GetValue(DevNameProperty); }            set { SetValue(DevNameProperty, value); }        }        public static readonly DependencyProperty DevNameProperty =        DependencyProperty.Register("DevName", typeof(string), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata("", new PropertyChangedCallback(OnDevNameChanged)));        private static void OnDevNameChanged(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)        {            DevButton ctrl =sender as DevButton;            ctrl.DevName = e.NewValue.ToString();                   }         public int DevStatus        {            get { return (int)GetValue(DevStatusProperty); }            set            {                SetValue(DevStatusProperty, value);                          }        }        public static readonly DependencyProperty DevStatusProperty =          DependencyProperty.Register("DevStatus", typeof(int), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(-1,new PropertyChangedCallback(OnDevStatusChanged)));        private static void OnDevStatusChanged(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)        {            DevButton ctrl = (DevButton)sender;            ctrl.DevStatus = (int)e.NewValue;             ctrl.StatusBrush=(ctrl.DevStatus>0)?Brushes.Green:Brushes.LightGray;        }         public Brush StatusBrush        {            get { return (Brush)GetValue(StatusBrushProperty); }            set            {                SetValue(StatusBrushProperty, value);            }        }        public static readonly DependencyProperty StatusBrushProperty =        DependencyProperty.Register("StatusBrush", typeof(Brush), typeof(DevButton), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(Brushes.LightGray));         #endregion          private void DevBtn_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            MessageBox.Show(DevName);                           }     }}

<ResourceDictionary    xmlns="Http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"    xmlns:ctrl="clr-namespace:WpfApp2">       <Style  TargetType="{x:Type ctrl:DevButton}">        <Setter Property="Template">            <Setter.Value>                <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ctrl:DevButton}">                    <Border Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"                            BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"                            BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}">                                                   <Grid>                                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>                                    <ColumnDefinition Width="0.1*" MaxWidth="5"/>                                    <ColumnDefinition/>                                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>                            <!--Fill="{TemplateBinding DevStatus, Converter={StaticResource IntToBrushes}}"-->                            <Rectangle Margin="1" x:Name="statusLed" Fill="{TemplateBinding StatusBrush}"/>                                <Button Grid.Column="1" x:Name="devBtn" Content="{TemplateBinding DevName}"/>                            </Grid>                                            </Border>                </ControlTemplate>            </Setter.Value>        </Setter>    </Style></ResourceDictionary>

<Window x:Class="WpfApp2.MainWindow"        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlfORMats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp2"        mc:Ignorable="d"        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">    <Grid>        <StackPanel>            <TextBlock Text="******************"/>            <local:DevButton DevName="电机" DevStatus="2"/>            <TextBlock Text="******************"/>        </StackPanel>    </Grid></Window>

运行效果如下：

以上就是“WPF自定义控件如何实现”这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！相信大家阅读完这篇文章都有很大的收获，小编每天都会为大家更新不同的知识，如果还想学习更多的知识，请关注编程网精选频道。