目录

一、安装MYSQL之前要先换源

二、安装MYSQL

1、安装

2、安装完成

3、安装后无法登陆

3.1 原因

3.2 登陆后切换database

3.3 修改密码(注意这里账号和密码是双引号)

3.4查看一下用户

3.5 然后进行刷新使得配置生效

3.6 退出

3.7 重启

三、mysql使用测试

一、安装Mysql之前要先换源

备份系统之前的源，也可以不备份，将之前的源注释掉

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

修改源文件/etc/apt/sources.list

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

将原来的内容删除，将下面的源内容粘贴上。

这里推荐比较好的两个国内源

1阿里源（arm64，速度快，推荐）

deb Http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial maindeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates maindeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial universedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial universedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates universedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security maindeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security maindeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security universedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security universe

2 华为源（arm64,速度快，二者选其一）

deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse ## Not recommended# deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

更新仓库

apt-get update

1处理报错

可能出现报错

由于没有公钥，无法验证下列签名...

以下命令解决：

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 40976EAF437D05B5 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32

清除软件仓库缓存

apt-get clean

更新软件仓库

apt-get update

完成，可以安装mysql了

二、安装MYsql

1、安装

sudo apt-get install mysql-server          //服务端sudo apt-get install mysql-client          //客户端sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev    //程序编译时链接的库

2、安装完成

安装完成之后dpkg命令查看状态

dpkg -l | grep mysql

输出以下信息则安装成功

ii  mysql-client-5.7  5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         arm64        MySQL database client binariesii  mysql-client-core-5.7                         5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         arm64        MySQL database core client binariesii  mysql-common      5.8+1.0.5                       all          MySQL database common files, e.g. /etc/mysql/my.cnfii  mysql-server      5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         all          MySQL database server (metapackage depending on the latest version)ii  mysql-server-5.7  5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         arm64        MySQL database server binaries and system database setupii  mysql-server-core-5.7                         5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2         arm64        MySQL database server binaries

使用如下命令启动mysql

service mysql start

启动后使用如下命令查看状态

sudo netstat -anp | grep mysql

显示如下说明启动成功：

tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      27608/mysqld        unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     648125   27608/mysqld         /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sockunix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     648111   27608/mysqld    

使用命令进行登陆

mysql -u root -p

输入密码，进行登陆，如果之前没有设置密码请看第3步

aaron@aaron-Raytine-PC:~$ mysql -u root -p
Enter passWord:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 5.7.30-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu)
Copyright © 2000, 2020, oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a reGIStered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

3、安装后无法登陆

3.1 原因

原因一(大部分)：

你是root安装的： 在本机命令行下输入： mysql -uroot 就可以直接登录，然后修改用户名密码啥的

原因二：

使用mysql -u root -p命令但是不知道root密码是因为之前没有设置，这个时候进行环境配置，设置root密码。

首先，进行忽略密码登陆，打开配置文件

sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

在最后加入skip-grant-tables

## Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!# chroot = /var/lib/mysql/## For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca".## ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem# ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem# ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pemskip-grant-tables-- 插入 --           

保存退出

重启以下mysql服务

sudo service mysql stop

sudo service mysql start

重新登陆

mysql -u mysql

进行3.2步骤，所有步骤执行完注释掉skip-grant-tables

原因三：没有把之前的mysql卸载干净

彻底删除MySQL

在删除mysql前 须要先删除一下 /var/lib/mysql 还有 /etc/mysqlubuntu

先停止mysql服务

systemctl stop mysql

须要输入如下几条命令

sudo rm /var/lib/mysql/ -R sudo rm /etc/mysql/ -Rsudo apt-get autoremove mysql* --purgesudo apt-get remove apparmor

确保没有mysql的文件夹可忽略此步骤

sudo find / -name mysql

再次安装

sudo apt-get install mysql-server          //服务端sudo apt-get install mysql-client          //客户端sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev    //程序编译时链接的库

3.2 登陆后切换database

登录

~$ sudo mysql -u root -pEnter password: 

直接回车

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 3Server version: 5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu)Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> 

换为database

mysql> use mysql;Reading table information for completion of table and column namesYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changedmysql> 

3.3 修改密码(注意这里账号和密码是双引号)

mysql> update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD("123456") where user="root";Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

3.4查看一下用户

select user,host from mysql.user;

出现以下信息则配置完成

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;+------------------+-----------+| user             | host      |+------------------+-----------+| debian-sys-maint | localhost || mysql.session    | localhost || mysql.sys        | localhost || root             | localhost |+------------------+-----------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.5 然后进行刷新使得配置生效

flush privileges;

3.6 退出

quit

3.7 重启

sudo service mysql restart

三、mysql使用测试

建立一个数据库

mysql> create database joyrun;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

查看当前数据库

mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database           |+--------------------+| infORMation_schema || joyrun             || mysql              || performance_schema || sys                |+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

建立一个表

mysql> use joyrunDatabase changedmysql> create table tbl_run(id int,name varchar(5),primary key (id));Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

查看表的结构

mysql> desc tbl_run;+-------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| Field | Type       | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+-------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| id    | int(11)    | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       || name  | varchar(5) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |+-------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

修改字节长度

mysql> alter table tbl_run modify column name varchar(20);Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0mysql> desc tbl_run;+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| id    | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       || name  | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

现在表中不能添加中文字段，修改字符集后才可以

修改库字符集：alter database joyrun character set utf8;修改表字符集：alter table tbl_run character set utf8;修改字段字符集：alter table tbl_run change name name varchar(20) character set utf8;

增加一条数据

mysql> insert into tbl_run (id,name) values (1,'xiaoming');Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> select * from tbl_run;+----+----------+| id | name     |+----+----------+|  1 | xiaoming |+----+----------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43445867/article/details/126718980