Linux 部署 Nginx

文章目录

• 一、Nginx 下载
• 二、部署步骤
• 三、演示修改 Nginx 配置，修改端口号
• 四、使用 Nginx 转发访问后端服务
• 五、Nginx 常用命令

一、Nginx 下载

从官网中下载 nginx 压缩包到本地（Http://nginx.org/en/download.html）

二、部署步骤

1. 在 /usr/local 目录下新建 nginx 文件夹

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ local]# mkdir nginx            [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ local]# ls                     aeGIS  app  bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  nginx  sbin  share  src

2. 将 nginx 压缩包使用 SFTP 上传到 linux 系统的 /usr/local/nginx 目录下

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx]# ls                     nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz  

3. 解压 nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz                      nginx-1.22.1/                    nginx-1.22.1/auto/ ......[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx]# ls                     nginx-1.22.1  nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz

4. 进入 nginx，找到 configure

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/nginx-1.22.1/                [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx-1.22.1]# ls       auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  conf  configure  contrib  html  LICENSE  Makefile  man  objs  README  src 

5. 运行 configure，命令 ./configure

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx-1.22.1]# ./configure

①如果报错执行yum -y install pcre-devel // 安装pore
②如果再次报错执行 yum -y install openssl openssl-devel //安装openssl

6. 编译 nginx 文件

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx-1.22.1]# make[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx-1.22.1]# make install

7. 检查是否安装成功

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx-1.22.1]# whereis nginx                        nginx: /usr/local/nginx

8. 找到 ngingx 的 sbin 目录

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/ [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx]# ll              total 1092                drwx------ 2 nobody root    4096 Mar 14 11:39 client_body_temp                    drwxr-xr-x 2 root   root    4096 Mar 14 14:31 conf    drwx------ 2 nobody root    4096 Mar 14 11:39 fastcgi_temp                        drwxr-xr-x 2 root   root    4096 Mar 14 11:37 html    drwxr-xr-x 2 root   root    4096 Mar 14 14:37 logs    drwxr-xr-x 9   1001 1001    4096 Mar 14 11:33 nginx-1.22.1                        -rw-r--r-- 1 root   root 1073948 Mar 14 11:19 nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz                 drwx------ 2 nobody root    4096 Mar 14 11:39 proxy_temp                          drwxr-xr-x 2 root   root    4096 Mar 14 11:37 sbin    drwx------ 2 nobody root    4096 Mar 14 11:39 scgi_temp                           drwx------ 2 nobody root    4096 Mar 14 11:39 uwsgi_temp[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ nginx]# cd sbin/

9. 启动 nginx

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ./nginx

10. 访问测试
    

三、演示修改 Nginx 配置，修改端口号

1. 找到 /conf 目录下的 nginx.conf 配置文件

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/nginx-1.22.1/conf/           [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ conf]# ll               total 40                  -rw-r--r-- 1 1001 1001 1077 Oct 19 16:02 fastcgi.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 1001 1001 1007 Oct 19 16:02 fastcgi_params                           -rw-r--r-- 1 1001 1001 2837 Oct 19 16:02 koi-utf      -rw-r--r-- 1 1001 1001 2223 Oct 19 16:02 koi-win      -rw-r--r-- 1 1001 1001 5349 Oct 19 16:02 mime.types   -rw-r--r-- 1 1001 1001 2656 Oct 19 16:02 nginx.conf   -rw-r--r-- 1 1001 1001  636 Oct 19 16:02 scgi_params  -rw-r--r-- 1 1001 1001  664 Oct 19 16:02 uwsgi_params -rw-r--r-- 1 1001 1001 3610 Oct 19 16:02 win-utf 

2. 使用 vim 编辑 nginx.conf 文件

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ conf]# vim nginx.conf

修改监听端口为666

server {                      listen       666;          server_name  localhost;}        

保存并退出：esc -> shift + : -> wq
3. 重新加载 nginx.conf 配置文件

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/sbin/                        [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ll               total 3804                -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3892016 Mar 14 11:37 nginx     [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ./nginx -s reload

4. 测试端口修改是否成功
   

四、使用 Nginx 转发访问后端服务

1. 启动 Spring Boot 项目

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/app/                [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ app]# ll total 16160-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16546230 Mar 14 14:23 SpringBoot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar                     [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ app]# java -jar springboot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar     .   ____          _            __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \                           ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \                           \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )                           '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /                           =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/:: Spring Boot ::        (v2.3.6.RELEASE)        2023-03-14 20:05:22.440  INFO 30885 --- [           main] c.JSON.springboot.SpringbootApplication  : Starting SpringbootApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT on iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ with PID 30885 (/usr/local/app/springboot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar started by root in /usr/local/app)    2023-03-14 20:05:22.454  INFO 30885 --- [           main] c.json.springboot.SpringbootApplication  : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default              2023-03-14 20:05:24.718  INFO 30885 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.Tomcat.TomcatWEBServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 666 (http)       2023-03-14 20:05:24.747  INFO 30885 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]                         2023-03-14 20:05:24.748  INFO 30885 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.39]   2023-03-14 20:05:24.891  INFO 30885 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/json]   : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext2023-03-14 20:05:24.892  INFO 30885 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2320 ms               2023-03-14 20:05:25.793  INFO 30885 --- [           main] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'                        2023-03-14 20:05:26.188  INFO 30885 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 666 (http) with context path '/json'               2023-03-14 20:05:26.219  INFO 30885 --- [           main] c.json.springboot.SpringbootApplication  : Started SpringbootApplication in 4.683 seconds (JVM running for 5.522)        2023-03-14 20:06:06.170  INFO 30885 --- [-NIO-666-exec-4] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/json]   : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'                     2023-03-14 20:06:06.170  INFO 30885 --- [-nio-666-exec-4] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'          2023-03-14 20:06:06.187  INFO 30885 --- [-nio-666-exec-4] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 17 ms

2. 在浏览器中测试访问接口
   

3. 在 nginx.conf 文件中配置 location

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ ~]# cd / [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/nginx-1.22.1/conf/                        [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ conf]# vim nginx.confserver {   listen       80;                   server_name  localhost;                 location /json/ {                      proxy_pass http://112.74.190.252:666/json/;                }}

4. 重新加载 nginx.conf 配置文件

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/sbin/         [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# lltotal 3804 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3892016 Mar 14 11:37 nginx                  [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ./nginx -s reload

5. 浏览器中测试（使用 Nginx 监听的 80 端口访问）
   

五、Nginx 常用命令

1. 查看 nginx 位置

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# whereis nginx       nginx: /usr/local/nginx

2. 启动 nginx

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/sbin/                        [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ./nginx

3. 停止 nginx

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/sbin/                        [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ./nginx -s stop

4. 安全退出 nginx

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/sbin/                        [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ./nginx -s quit  

5. 重新加载配置文件

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/sbin/                        [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ./nginx -s reload 

(注意：Nginx 启动、停止、退出、重新加载命令都需要在 sbin 目录下执行)

6. 查看 nginx 进程

[root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ /]# cd usr/local/nginx/sbin/                        [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ./nginx          [root@iZwz9cwntagbp2m20emj0qZ sbin]# ps aux|grep nginxroot     30537  0.0  0.0  20576   624 ?        Ss   16:41   0:00 nginx: master process ./nginx                nobody   30538  0.0  0.0  21020  1320 ?        S    16:41   0:00 nginx: worker process                        root     30542  0.0  0.0 112812   980 pts/0    S+   16:41   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/WJH_JSON/article/details/129539291