了解PHP trait DTO的应用场景

trait DTOTrait
{
    private $data;

    public function setData(array $data)
    {
        $this->data = $data;
    }

    public function getData(): array
    {
        return $this->data;
    }

    public function tojsON(): string
    {
        return json_encode($this->data);
    }
}

class UserDTO
{
    use DTOTrait;

    public function __construct(array $data)
    {
        $this->setData($data);
    }

    public function getUsername(): string
    {
        return $this->data['username'];
    }

    public function getEmail(): string
    {
        return $this->data['email'];
    }

    public function setEmail(string $email): void
    {
        // 进行邮箱格式验证...

        $this->data['email'] = $email;
    }
}

// 定义用户数据
$userData = [
    'username' => 'tom',
    'email' => 'tom@example.com',
];

// 创建UserDTO对象
$userDTO = new UserDTO($userData);

// 获取用户名和邮箱
$username = $userDTO->getUsername();
$email = $userDTO->getEmail();

echo $username;  // 输出：tom
echo $email;  // 输出：tom@example.com

// 修改邮箱
$userDTO->setEmail('new_email@example.com');
$email = $userDTO->getEmail();

echo $email;  // 输出：new_email@example.com

// 将DTO转换成JSON字符串
$jsonString = $userDTO->toJSON();

echo $jsonString;  // 输出：{"username":"tom","email":"new_email@example.com"}