如何在Python中进行数据加密和解密

import hashlib

def md5_encrypt(data):
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    md5.update(data.encode(encoding='utf-8'))
    encrypt_data = md5.hexdigest()
    return encrypt_data

# 测试示例
data = 'hello world'
encrypted_data = md5_encrypt(data)
print("加密后的数据：", encrypted_data)

加密后的数据： 5eb63bbbe01eeed093cb22bb8f5acdc3

from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto.Random import get_random_bytes

def aes_encrypt(data, key):
    cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_EAX)
    nonce = cipher.nonce
    ciphertext, tag = cipher.encrypt_and_digest(data.encode())
    encrypted_data = nonce + ciphertext + tag
    return encrypted_data

def aes_decrypt(encrypted_data, key):
    nonce = encrypted_data[:16]
    ciphertext = encrypted_data[16:-16]
    tag = encrypted_data[-16:]
    cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_EAX, nonce=nonce)
    data = cipher.decrypt_and_verify(ciphertext, tag)
    return data.decode()

# 测试示例
data = 'hello world'
key = get_random_bytes(16)
encrypted_data = aes_encrypt(data, key)
print("加密后的数据：", encrypted_data)
decrypted_data = aes_decrypt(encrypted_data, key)
print("解密后的数据：", decrypted_data)

解密后的数据： hello world

from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa, padding
from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend

def rsa_encrypt(data, public_key):
    public_key = serialization.load_pem_public_key(public_key, backend=default_backend())
    encrypted_data = public_key.encrypt(data.encode(), padding.OAEP(mgf=padding.MGF1(algorithm=hashes.SHA256()), algorithm=hashes.SHA256(), label=None))
    return encrypted_data

def rsa_decrypt(encrypted_data, private_key):
    private_key = serialization.load_pem_private_key(private_key, passWord=None, backend=default_backend())
    decrypted_data = private_key.decrypt(encrypted_data, padding.OAEP(mgf=padding.MGF1(algorithm=hashes.SHA256()), algorithm=hashes.SHA256(), label=None))
    return decrypted_data.decode()

# 测试示例
data = 'hello world'
private_key = rsa.generate_private_key(public_exponent=65537, key_size=2048, backend=default_backend())
private_pem = private_key.private_bytes(encoding=serialization.Encoding.PEM, fORMat=serialization.PrivateFormat.PKCS8, encryption_algorithm=serialization.NoEncryption())
public_key = private_key.public_key()
public_pem = public_key.public_bytes(encoding=serialization.Encoding.PEM, format=serialization.PublicFormat.SubjectPublicKeyInfo)
encrypted_data = rsa_encrypt(data, public_pem)
print("加密后的数据：", encrypted_data)
decrypted_data = rsa_decrypt(encrypted_data, private_pem)
print("解密后的数据：", decrypted_data)

解密后的数据： hello world