通过sysbench工具实现MySQL数据库的性能测试的方法

1.背景

 sysbench是一款压力测试工具，可以测试系统的硬件性能，也可以用来对数据库进行基准测试。sysbench 支持的测试有CPU运算性能测试、内存分配及传输速度测试、磁盘io性能测试、POSIX线程性能测试、互斥性测试测试、数据库性能测试(OLTP基准测试)。目前支持的数据库主要是Mysql数据库和PG数据库。

在新服务器上线时，建议对服务器的性能做一次测试，最好与既往的同类型的服务器的性能测试报表做一个横线比较，发现潜在问题。及新机器上线前，对服务器做一次体检。

对数据库而言，我们可以通过sysbench工具实现对数据库的基准测试。在现在的系统架构中，前端都比较容易弹性水平拓展，数据库相对较难，因此，基准测试对数据库具有很重要的作用。而对数据库的基准测试的作用，就是分析在当前的配置下（包括硬件配置、OS、数据库设置等），数据库的性能表现，从而找出mysql的性能阈值，并根据实际系统的要求调整配置。

2.sysbench的安装

1）安装命令

yum -y install sysbench

2）查看安装的版本

sysbench --version

3）查看已安装软件的信息（主要是通 rpm 命令）。

 查询sysbench的安装信息，主要是测试mysql时，需要使用sysbench自带的lua脚本进行测试。如果使用快速安装的方式，默认的脚本路径为：/usr/share/sysbench。

 如果不在这个命令，我们我们执行以下命令查看，查找已安装在本机linux系统上面的所有的sysbench软件的程序：

rpm -qa sysbench

列出该软件所有的文件与目录所在完整文件名（list）：

rpm -ql sysbench

3.sysbench 语法

sysbench --help
Usage:
 sysbench [options]... [testname] [command]
Commands implemented by most tests: prepare run cleanup help
General options:
 --threads=N           number of threads to use [1]
 --events=N           limit for total number of events [0]
 --time=N            limit for total execution time in seconds [10]
 --forced-shutdown=STRING    number of seconds to wait after the --time limit before forcing shutdown, or 'off' to disable [off]
 --thread-stack-size=SIZE    size of stack per thread [64K]
 --rate=N            average transactions rate. 0 for unlimited rate [0]
 --report-interval=N       periodically report intermediate statistics with a specified interval in seconds. 0 disables intermediate reports [0]
 --report-checkpoints=[LIST,...] dump full statistics and reset all counters at specified points in time. The argument is a list of comma-separated values representing the amount of time in seconds elapsed from start of test when report checkpoint(s) must be perfORMed. Report checkpoints are off by default. []
 --debug[=on|off]        print more debugging info [off]
 --validate[=on|off]       perform validation checks where possible [off]
 --help[=on|off]         print help and exit [off]
 --version[=on|off]       print version and exit [off]
 --config-file=FILENAME     File containing command line options
 --tx-rate=N           deprecated alias for --rate [0]
 --max-requests=N        deprecated alias for --events [0]
 --max-time=N          deprecated alias for --time [0]
 --num-threads=N         deprecated alias for --threads [1]
Pseudo-Random Numbers Generator options:
 --rand-type=STRING random numbers distribution {uniform,gaussian,special,pareto} [special]
 --rand-spec-iter=N number of iterations used for numbers generation [12]
 --rand-spec-pct=N percentage of values to be treated as 'special' (for special distribution) [1]
 --rand-spec-res=N percentage of 'special' values to use (for special distribution) [75]
 --rand-seed=N   seed for random number generator. When 0, the current time is used as a RNG seed. [0]
 --rand-pareto-h=N parameter h for pareto distribution [0.2]
Log options:
 --verbosity=N verbosity level {5 - debug, 0 - only critical messages} [3]
 --percentile=N    percentile to calculate in latency statistics (1-100). Use the special value of 0 to disable percentile calculations [95]
 --histogram[=on|off] print latency histogram in report [off]
General database options:
 --db-driver=STRING specifies database driver to use ('help' to get list of available drivers) [mysql]
 --db-ps-mode=STRING prepared statements usage mode {auto, disable} [auto]
 --db-debug[=on|off] print database-specific debug information [off]
Compiled-in database drivers:
 mysql - MySQL driver
 pgsql - postgresql driver
mysql options:
 --mysql-host=[LIST,...]     MySQL Server host [localhost]
 --mysql-port=[LIST,...]     MySQL server port [3306]
 --mysql-Socket=[LIST,...]    MySQL socket
 --mysql-user=STRING       MySQL user [sbtest]
 --mysql-passWord=STRING     MySQL password []
 --mysql-db=STRING        MySQL database name [sbtest]
 --mysql-ssl[=on|off]       use SSL connections, if available in the client library [off]
 --mysql-ssl-cipher=STRING    use specific cipher for SSL connections []
 --mysql-compression[=on|off]   use compression, if available in the client library [off]
 --mysql-debug[=on|off]      trace all client library calls [off]
 --mysql-ignore-errors=[LIST,...] list of errors to ignore, or "all" [1213,1020,1205]
 --mysql-dry-run[=on|off]     Dry run, pretend that all MySQL client api calls are successful without executing them [off]
pgsql options:
 --pgsql-host=STRING   PostgreSQL server host [localhost]
 --pgsql-port=N     PostgreSQL server port [5432]
 --pgsql-user=STRING   PostgreSQL user [sbtest]
 --pgsql-password=STRING PostgreSQL password []
 --pgsql-db=STRING    PostgreSQL database name [sbtest]
Compiled-in tests:
 fileio - File I/O test
 cpu - CPU performance test
 memory - Memory functions speed test
 threads - Threads subsystem performance test
 mutex - Mutex performance test