ORACLE中在不删库的情况下如何直接修改数据库dbname

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环境: Red 6.4   ORACLE:11.2.0.4


原库dbname：mai 
新库dname：prod


为验证更改dbname之后数据是否会修改需做以下操作：
原库：mai
sql>alter user hr identified by oracle123 account unlock;
SQL> conn hr/oracle
SQL>create table abc (id int,name varchar(20));
SQL>insert into abc (1 'ok',2 'sdad');
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> create pfile='initprod.ora' from spfile;
SQL> !nid target=sys/oracle123 dbname=prod logfile=/tmp/change.log
SQL> shu immediate;
ORA-03135: connection lost contact


这个时候需要退出sqlplus 重新指定ORACLE_SID
[oracle@node1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=prod
[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba 
将数据库启动到mount
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.


Total System Global Area 4275781632 bytes
Fixed Size                  2260088 bytes
Variable Size            1157628808 bytes
Database Buffers         3103784960 bytes
Redo Buffers               12107776 bytes
ORA-01103: database name 'PROD' in control file is not 'MAI'


SQL> alter system set db_name=prod scope=spfile;  ##因为没有使用spfile导致报错
alter system set db_name=prod scope=spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-32001: write to SPFILE requested but no SPFILE is in use
创建spfile
SQL> create spfile from pfile;


File created.
关库使其使用spfile
SQL> shu immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted




ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.


Total System Global Area 4275781632 bytes
Fixed Size                  2260088 bytes
Variable Size            1157628808 bytes
Database Buffers         3103784960 bytes
Redo Buffers               12107776 bytes
ORA-01103: database name 'PROD' in control file is not 'MAI'


修改dbname
SQL> alter system set db_name=prod scope=spfile;


System altered.
重启数据库
SQL> shu immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted


新库：prod
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
打开数据库
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;


Database altered.


SQL> show parameter name;


NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cell_offloadgroup_name               string
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string      PROD
db_unique_name                       string      PROD
global_names                         boolean     FALSE
instance_name                        string      prod
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
processor_group_name                 string
service_names                        string      PROD
验证数据是否丢失 
SQL> select USERNAME,ACCOUNT_STATUS from dba_users;


USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS
------------------------------ --------------------------------
SYS                            OPEN
SYSTEM                         OPEN
HR                             OPEN
OUTLN                          EXPIRED & LOCKED
连接hr用户
SQL> conn hr/oracle
SQL> select * from abc;


        ID NAME
---------- --------------------
         1 ok
         2 sdad

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