如何解决ORA-00245和RMAN-08132问题

小编给大家分享一下如何解决ORA-00245和RMAN-08132问题，相信大部分人都还不怎么了解，因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让我们一起去了解一下吧！

从oracle11gR2 开始，在备份控制文件时，不在需要锁住controlfile enqueue。对于非RAC 的数据库， 没有任何改变，但对于RAC 数据库，因为控制文件备份机制的改变，集群中的任何instance 可以需要写入到快照控制文件，因此snapshot controlfile需要对所有实例是可见的。

在RAC 环境下，如果snapshot controlfile 不在共享的位置，控制文件任何形式的都可能报ORA-245的错误。

快照控制文件必须能被所有节点访问，如果快照控制不是存放在共享设备上，那么在RMAN 进行控制文件的快照备份时就会报错。

Changes

RAC Database  release 11.2 

Cause

The error description is:

00245, 00000, "control file backup failed; target is likely on a local file system"

 // *Cause: Failed to create a control file backup because some process

 // signaled an error during backup creation. This is likely caused

 // by the backup target being on a local file system so it could not

 // be accessed by other instances. It can also be caused by other

 // I/O errors to the backup target. Any process of any instance that

 // starts a read/write control file transaction must have access

 // to the backup control file during backup creation.

 // *Action: Check alert files of all instances for further infORMation.

RMAN creates a copy of the control file for read consistency, this is the snapshot controlfile. 

Due to the changes made to the controlfile backup mechanism in 11gR2 any instances 

in the cluster may write to the snapshot controlfile. Therefore, 

the snapshot controlfile file needs to be visible to all instances.

The same happens when a backup of the controlfile is 

created directly from sqlplus any instance in the cluster may write to the backup controfile file.

In 11gR2 onwards, the controlfile backup happens without holding the control file enqueue. 

For non-RAC database, this doesn't change anything. 

But, for RAC database, the snapshot controlfile location must be 

in a shared file system that will be accessible from all the nodes.

The snapshot controlfile MUST be  accessible by all nodes of a RAC database. 

Solution

The snapshot controlfile MUST be accessible by all nodes of a RAC database, 

if the snapshot controlfile does not reside in on a shared device this error will raise.

1. Check the snapshot controlfile location:

RMAN> show all;

2. Configure the snapshot controlfile to a shared disk:

解决方案：

配置snapshot controlfile 到共享位置

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILENAME TO '<shared_disk>/snapcf_<DBNAME>.f';

如果使用了ASM，就指定到对应的ASM disk group：

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILENAME TO '+<DiskGroup>/snapcf_<DBNAME>.f';

例子：

RMAN> show all

2> ;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name RACDB are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 14;

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHiveLOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGoRITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/oracle/11g/dbs/snapcf_RACDB1.f'; # default

RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+DATA1/snapcf_RACBD.F';

old RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+DATA1/snapcf.f';

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+DATA1/snapcf_RACBD.F';

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name RACDB are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 14;

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+DATA1/snapcf_RACBD.F';

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