R语言线性回归知识点总结

y = ax + b

# Values of height
151, 174, 138, 186, 128, 136, 179, 163, 152, 131

# Values of weight.
63, 81, 56, 91, 47, 57, 76, 72, 62, 48

lm(fORMula,data)

x <- c(151, 174, 138, 186, 128, 136, 179, 163, 152, 131)
y <- c(63, 81, 56, 91, 47, 57, 76, 72, 62, 48)

# Apply the lm() function.
relation <- lm(y~x)

print(relation)

Call:
lm(formula = y ~ x)

Coefficients:
(Intercept)            x  
  38.4551          0.6746 

x <- c(151, 174, 138, 186, 128, 136, 179, 163, 152, 131)
y <- c(63, 81, 56, 91, 47, 57, 76, 72, 62, 48)

# Apply the lm() function.
relation <- lm(y~x)

print(summary(relation))

Call:
lm(formula = y ~ x)

Residuals:
    Min      1Q     Median      3Q     Max 
-6.3002   1.6629  0.0412    1.8944  3.9775 

Coefficients:
             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
(Intercept)38.45509    8.04901 4.778  0.00139 ** 
x             0.67461    0.05191  12.997 1.16e-06 ***
---
Signif. codes:  0 ‘***' 0.001 ‘**' 0.01 ‘*' 0.05 ‘.' 0.1 ‘ ' 1

Residual standard error: 3.253 on 8 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared:  0.9548,    Adjusted R-squared:  0.9491 
F-statistic: 168.9 on 1 and 8 DF,  p-value: 1.164e-06

predict(object, newdata)

# The predictor vector.
x <- c(151, 174, 138, 186, 128, 136, 179, 163, 152, 131)

# The resposne vector.
y <- c(63, 81, 56, 91, 47, 57, 76, 72, 62, 48)

# Apply the lm() function.
relation <- lm(y~x)

# Find weight of a person with height 170.
a <- data.frame(x = 170)
result <-  predict(relation,a)
print(result)

       1 
76.22869 

# Create the predictor and response variable.
x <- c(151, 174, 138, 186, 128, 136, 179, 163, 152, 131)
y <- c(63, 81, 56, 91, 47, 57, 76, 72, 62, 48)
relation <- lm(y~x)

# Give the chart file a name.
png(file = "linearregression.png")

# Plot the chart.
plot(y,x,col = "blue",main = "Height & Weight Regression",
abline(lm(x~y)),cex = 1.3,pch = 16,xlab = "Weight in Kg",ylab = "Height in cm")

# Save the file.
dev.off()