Android WindowManger的层级分析详解

2024-04-02 19:04:59 609人浏览安东尼

摘要

目录一. Window 分类二. Window层级（1）应用程序窗口：（2）子窗口：（3）系统窗口：（三）如何真正查看 Window 的优先级（四）层级高低具体分析（对比Toast

一. Window 分类

应用 Window（ApplicationWindow：对应一个 Acitivity）

子 Window （SubWindow：不能单独存在，需要依附在特定的父 Window 中，比如常见的一些 Dialog 就是一个子 Window）

系统 Window （SystemWindow：需要声明权限才能创建的 Window，比如 Toast 和系统状态栏都是系统 Window）

二. Window层级

Window 是分层的，每个 Window 都有对应的 z-ordered，层级大的会覆盖在层级小的 Window 上面，这和 html 中的 z-index 概念是完全一致的。

在三种 Window 中，每一种Window的层级范围也是不同的，如下：

应用Window    1~99

子Window      1000~1999

系统Window    2000~2999

这些层级范围对应着 WindowManager.LayoutParams 的 type 参数，如果想要 Window 位于所有 Window 的最顶层，那么采用较大的层级即可，很显然系统 Window 的层级是最大的，当我们采用系统层级时，需要声明权限。

（1）应用程序窗口：


package Android.view;
public interface WindowManager
        
        public static final int FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW = 1;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION   = 1;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION        = 2;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_STARTING = 3;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_DRAWN_APPLICATION = 4;
 
        
        public static final int LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW = 99;

（2）子窗口：


package android.view;
public interface WindowManager
        
        public static final int FIRST_SUB_WINDOW = 1000;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 1;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 2;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 3;
 
        
        @UnsupportedAppUsage
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA_OVERLAY  = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 4;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_ABOVE_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 5;
 
        
        public static final int LAST_SUB_WINDOW = 1999;

（3）系统窗口：


package android.view;
public interface WindowManager
        
        public static final int FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW     = 2000;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR         = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_SEARCH_BAR         = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+1;
 
        
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_PHONE              = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+2;
 
        
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT       = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+3;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD           = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+4;
 
        
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_TOAST              = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+5;
 
        
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY     = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+6;
 
        
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE     = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+7;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG      = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+8;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG    = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+9;
 
        
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR       = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+10;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_INPUT_METHOD       = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+11;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG= FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+12;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_WALLPAPER          = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+13;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL   = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+14;
 
        
        @UnsupportedAppUsage
        public static final int TYPE_SECURE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+15;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_DRAG               = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+16;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+17;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_POINTER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+18;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+19;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_VOLUME_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+20;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_BOOT_PROGRESS = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+21;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_INPUT_CONSUMER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+22;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_DREAM = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+23;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR_PANEL = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+24;
 
        
        @UnsupportedAppUsage
        public static final int TYPE_DISPLAY_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+26;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_MAGNIFICATION_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+27;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+30;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+31;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+32;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTING = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+33;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_DOCK_DIVIDER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+34;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_QS_DIALOG = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+35;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_SCREENSHOT = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW + 36;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_PRESENTATION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW + 37;
 
        
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW + 38;
 
        
        public static final int LAST_SYSTEM_WINDOW      = 2999;

窗口显示顺序：
Type 值越大层级越高，Type 值大的覆盖 Type 值小的，这只是一般规律。

（三）如何真正查看 Window 的优先级


/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/policy/WindowManagerPolicy.java
    default int getWindowLayerFromTypeLw(int type, boolean canAddInternalSystemWindow) {
        if (type >= FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW && type <= LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW) {
            return APPLICATION_LAYER;
        }
        switch (type) {
            case TYPE_WALLPAPER:
                // wallpaper is at the bottom, though the window manager may move it.
                return  1;
            case TYPE_PRESENTATION:
            case TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION:
                return  APPLICATION_LAYER;
            case TYPE_DOCK_DIVIDER:
                return  APPLICATION_LAYER;
            case TYPE_QS_DIALOG:
                return  APPLICATION_LAYER;
            case TYPE_PHONE:
                return  3;
            case TYPE_SEARCH_BAR:
            case TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTING:
                return  4;
            case TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION:
                // voice interaction layer is almost immediately above apps.
                return  5;
            case TYPE_INPUT_CONSUMER:
                return  6;
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG:
                return  7;
            case TYPE_TOAST:
                // toasts and the plugged-in battery thing
                return  8;
            case TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE:
                // SIM errors and unlock.  Not sure if this really should be in a high layer.
                return  9;
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT:
                // like the ANR / app crashed dialogs
                return  canAddInternalSystemWindow ? 11 : 10;
            case TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY:
                return  12;
            case TYPE_DREAM:
                // used for Dreams (screensavers with TYPE_DREAM windows)
                return  13;
            case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD:
                // on-screen keyboards and other such input method user interfaces Go here.
                return  14;
            case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG:
                // on-screen keyboards and other such input method user interfaces go here.
                return  15;
            case TYPE_STATUS_BAR:
                return  17;
            case TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL:
                return  18;
            case TYPE_STATUS_BAR_SUB_PANEL:
                return  19;
            case TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG:
                return  20;
            case TYPE_VOLUME_OVERLAY:
                // the on-screen volume indicator and controller shown when the user
                // changes the device volume
                return  21;
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY:
                // the on-screen volume indicator and controller shown when the user
                // changes the device volume
                return  canAddInternalSystemWindow ? 22 : 11;
            case TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR:
                // the navigation bar, if available, shows atop most things
                return  23;
            case TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR_PANEL:
                // some panels (e.g. search) need to show on top of the navigation bar
                return  24;
            case TYPE_SCREENSHOT:
                // screenshot selection layer shouldn't go above system error, but it should cover
                // navigation bars at the very least.
                return  25;
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR:
                // system-level error dialogs
                return  canAddInternalSystemWindow ? 26 : 10;
            case TYPE_MAGNIFICATION_OVERLAY:
                // used to highlight the magnified portion of a display
                return  27;
            case TYPE_DISPLAY_OVERLAY:
                // used to simulate secondary display devices
                return  28;
            case TYPE_DRAG:
                // the drag layer: input for drag-and-drop is associated with this window,
                // which sits above all other focusable windows
                return  29;
            case TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY:
                // overlay put by accessibility services to intercept user interaction
                return  30;
            case TYPE_SECURE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY:
                return  31;
            case TYPE_BOOT_PROGRESS:
                return  32;
            case TYPE_POINTER:
                // the (mouse) pointer layer
                return  33;
            default:
                Slog.e("WindowManager", "Unknown window type: " + type);
                return APPLICATION_LAYER;
        }
    }

以上返回的是除 Application 外的 Window 的层级，在开发系统应用时可以选择一种开发自己的 Window.

（四）层级高低具体分析（对比Toast以及软键盘）


低于toast--->盖不住toast
低于软键盘--->盖不住软键盘
依附Activity使用--->is your activity running?
 public static int getWindowType(int num) {
        switch (num) {
            case 1:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PHONE;//低于toast  低于软键盘
            case 2:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SEARCH_BAR;//低于toast  低于软键盘
            case 3:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG;//低于toast  低于软键盘
            case 4:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE;//高于toast  低于软键盘
            case 5:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY;//高于toast  低于软键盘
            case 6:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG;//高于toast  盖住键盘
            case 7:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR;//高于toast    低于软键盘
            case 8:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG;//高于toast  低于软键盘
            case 9:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;//高于toast  高于软键盘
            case 10:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_STATUS_BAR;//高于toast  高于软键盘（键盘会把透明view顶起）
            case 11:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL;//高于toast  高于软键盘（键盘会把透明view顶起）
            case 12:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY;//低于下级页面
            case 13:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY;//is your activity running?
            case 14:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION;// is your activity running?
            case 15:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION;// is your activity running?
            case 16:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_STARTING;// is your activity running?
            case 17:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_DRAWN_APPLICATION;// is your activity running?
            case 18:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL;// is your activity running?
            case 19:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA;// is your activity running?
            case 20:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL;// is your activity running?
            case 21:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG;// is your activity running?
            case 22:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_WALLPAPER;// is your activity running?
            case 23:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_TOAST;// is your activity running?
            case 24:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_INPUT_METHOD;//is your activity running?
            case 25:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION;//permission denied for window type 2030
            default:
                return 0;
        }
    }

（五）如何定制系统层级

改变层级关系需要改写 getWindowLayerFromTypeLw 的 switch 顺序结构和返回值
如果需要更改一些 Window 的行为，需要修改
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/policy/PhoneWindowManager.java

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