java 实现微信公众号消息推送

注册微信公众号

• 这里主要用测试账号来演示：测试账号注册地址
• 正式账号注册地址：微信公众平台

设置消息模板

• 可参考微信公众号文档：微信公众号文档

模板根据需求设置(注意：参数长度不能超出微信规定，否则将发送失败)

参数要求规则

java代码

依赖

<dependency>    <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>    <artifactId>fastJSONartifactId>    <version>1.2.54version>dependency><dependency>   <groupId>cn.hutoolgroupId>    <artifactId>hutool-allartifactId>    <version>4.5.6version>dependency><dependency>    <groupId>org.apache.HttpcomponentsgroupId>    <artifactId>httpclientartifactId>    <version>4.5version>dependency><dependency>    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponentsgroupId>    <artifactId>httpcoreartifactId>    <version>4.4.1version>dependency><dependency>    <groupId>commons-httpclientgroupId>    <artifactId>commons-httpclientartifactId>    <version>3.1version>dependency>

请求地址、appid、密钥等信息；信息配置到application配置中，方便统一管理；

package com.andon.wxPush.conf;import lombok.Data;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;@Service("wxConfiguration")@Datapublic class WxConfiguration {    //获取微信access_token请求地址    @Value("${wxConfig.url.WX_ACCESS_TOKEN_URL}")    private String wxAccessTokenUrl;    //发送微信公众号模板消息请求地址    @Value("${wxConfig.url.SEND_MESSAGE_TEMPLATE_URL}")    private String sendMessageTemplateUrl;    //小程序唯一凭证，即 AppID    @Value("${wxConfig.appid}")    private String appId;    //小程序唯一凭证密钥，即 AppSecret    @Value("${wxConfig.secret}")    private String secret;    //模板id    @Value("${wxConfig.templateId}")    private String templateId;}

发送请求工具类

package com.andon.wxPush.utils;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.andon.wxPush.template.HttpResult;import com.Google.common.base.Splitter;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.apache.commons.lang.StringEscapeUtils;import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFORMEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;import org.apache.http.impl.client.LaxRedirectStrategy;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Map;import static org.apache.Tomcat.util.file.ConfigFileLoader.getURI;@Component@Slf4jpublic class HttpUtils {    public HttpResult stringPostJson(String path, String content) throws Exception{        return stringPost(path, null, content, "utf-8", "utf-8", "application/json");    }    public HttpResult stringPost(String path, Map<String,String> headerMap, String content, String contentencode, String encode, String contentType) throws Exception{        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(content, contentencode);        entity.setContentType(contentType);        return post(path, headerMap, entity, encode);    }    private HttpResult post(String path, Map<String,String> headerMap, HttpEntity entity, String encode){        HttpResult httpResult = new HttpResult();        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;        try{            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(getURI(path));            LaxRedirectStrategy redirectStrategy = new LaxRedirectStrategy();            httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setRedirectStrategy(redirectStrategy).build();            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()                    .setSocketTimeout(120000)                    .setConnectTimeout(120000)                    .setConnectionRequestTimeout(120000)                    .setCircularRedirectsAllowed(true)                    .setRedirectsEnabled(true)                    .setMaxRedirects(5)                    .build();            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);//            httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", header);            if(headerMap != null && headerMap.size() > 0){                for(String name:headerMap.keySet()) {                    httpPost.addHeader(name, headerMap.get(name));                }            }            httpPost.setEntity(entity);            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);            httpResult.setStatus(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());            if(httpResult.getStatus() == 200){                HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();                httpResult.setBody(EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, encode));            }        }catch(Exception ex){            log.error("post请求出错", ex);        }finally{            try{                if(response != null){                    response.close();                }                if(httpClient != null){                    httpClient.close();                }            }catch(Exception ex) {                log.error("post请求关闭资源出错", ex);            }        }        return httpResult;    }    public JSONObject stringGetJson(String url) {        JSONObject jsonObject = null;        //通过HttpClients.createDefault()获取到CloseableHttpClient对象        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();        //创建HttpGet 对象，参数为请求的地址        HttpGet method = new HttpGet(url);        try {            //执行方法请求接口得到响应            HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(method);            //解析响应数据            String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");            //转为json格式            jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(content);            EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());//完全消耗        } catch (Exception e) {            log.error("get请求出错", e);            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {            try {                //释放连接                method.releaseConnection();                httpclient.close();            } catch (IOException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }        return jsonObject;    }}

json处理工具类

package com.andon.wxPush.utils;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;@Slf4jpublic class JsonUtils {    private static ObjectMapper json;    static {        json = new ObjectMapper();        json.setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));        json.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);    }        public static String ObjectToString(Object object) {        try {            return (json.writeValueAsString(object));        } catch (Exception e) {            log.error("序列化为JSON字符串出错",e);        }        return null;    }    public static <T> T getObject(String jsonString, Class<T> clazz) {        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(jsonString))            return null;        try {            return json.readValue(jsonString, clazz);        } catch (Exception e) {            log.error("将JSON字符串转化为Map出错",e);            return null;        }    }}

消息模板

package com.andon.wxPush.template;import lombok.Data;import java.util.Map;import java.util.TreeMap;@Datapublic class WxSendMessageTemplate {        private String touser;        private String template_id;        private String url;        private Map<String,String> miniprogram;        private TreeMap<String, TreeMap<String, String>> data;        public static TreeMap<String, String> item(String value, String color) {        TreeMap<String, String> params = new TreeMap<String, String>();        params.put("value", value);        params.put("color", color);        return params;    }}

结果模板

package com.andon.wxPush.template;import lombok.Data;@Datapublic class HttpResult {    private Integer status = 601;    private String body;}

消息推送

package com.andon.wxPush.service.impl;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.andon.util.DateUtil;import com.andon.wxPush.conf.WxConfiguration;import com.andon.wxPush.service.WxSendMsgService;import com.andon.wxPush.template.HttpResult;import com.andon.wxPush.template.WxSendMessageTemplate;import com.andon.wxPush.utils.HttpUtils;import com.andon.wxPush.utils.JsonUtils;import com.google.common.collect.Maps;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.http.httpstatus;import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.net.URLEncoder;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.time.LocalDate;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Map;import java.util.TreeMap;@Service@Slf4jpublic class WxSendMsgServiceImpl implements WxSendMsgService {    //凭证有效时间    private static final String KEY_EXPIRES_IN = "expiresIn";    //    private static final String KEY_TOKEN = "accessToken";    //拼接缓存前缀    private static final String ACCESS_TOKEN_KEY_PREFIX = "AccessToken_";    @Resource    private WxConfiguration wxConfiguration;    @Resource    private HttpUtils httpUtils;        private static Map<String, Map<String, Object>> accessTokenMap = Maps.newConcurrentMap();        @Override    public JSONObject noticeTemplate(JSONObject templateMsg) {        // 模版ID        String templateId = wxConfiguration.getTemplateId();        TreeMap<String, TreeMap<String, String>> params = new TreeMap<>();        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");        //微信公众号根据具体模板参数组装        params.put("keyWord4", WxSendMessageTemplate.item(sdf.format(new Date()), "#000000")); //告警时间        params.put("keyword3", WxSendMessageTemplate.item(templateMsg.getString("andonName"), "#000000"));    //报警类型        params.put("keyword1", WxSendMessageTemplate.item(templateMsg.getString("equipmentName"), "#000000"));     //设备名称        params.put("keyword2", WxSendMessageTemplate.item(templateMsg.getString("installPlace"), "#000000"));     //设备位置        params.put("first", WxSendMessageTemplate.item(templateMsg.getString("andonContent"), "#000000"));     //告警内容        WxSendMessageTemplate wxTemplateMsg = new WxSendMessageTemplate();        // 模版ID        wxTemplateMsg.setTemplate_id(templateId);        // openId        wxTemplateMsg.setTouser(templateMsg.getString("openId"));        // 关键字赋值        wxTemplateMsg.setData(params);        String data = JsonUtils.ObjectToString(wxTemplateMsg);        System.out.println(data);        return this.handleSendMsgLog(data);    }    //捕获异常    private JSONObject handleSendMsgLog(String data) {        JSONObject resultDto = new JSONObject();        try {            resultDto = this.sendTemplateMsg(data);            System.out.println("handleSendMsgLog:" + resultDto.toJSONString());        } catch (Exception exception) {            log.error("发送微信模版失败",  exception);        }        // TODO 可以记录一下发送记录的日志        return resultDto;    }    //发送模板    public JSONObject sendTemplateMsg(String data) throws Exception {        // 获取token        JSONObject accessTokenRes = this.getAccessToken();        String accessToken = accessTokenRes.getString("access_token");        // 发送消息        HttpResult httpResult = null;        try {            httpResult = httpUtils.stringPostJson(wxConfiguration.getSendMessageTemplateUrl() + accessToken, data);        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return JSON.parseObject(httpResult.getBody());    }        public JSONObject getAccessToken() {        //拼接获取缓存key        String key = ACCESS_TOKEN_KEY_PREFIX.concat(wxConfiguration.getAppId()).concat(wxConfiguration.getSecret());        Map<String, Object> accessTokenJson = accessTokenMap.get(key);        if (accessTokenJson != null) {            long expiresIn = (Long) accessTokenJson.get(KEY_EXPIRES_IN);            if (System.currentTimeMillis() < expiresIn) {                return (JSONObject) accessTokenJson.get(KEY_TOKEN);            }            accessTokenMap.remove(key);        }        synchronized (this) {            accessTokenJson = accessTokenMap.get(key);            // 多线程环境下，其他线程可能已经获得最新corpAccessToken，直接返回            if (accessTokenJson != null) {                return (JSONObject) accessTokenJson.get(KEY_TOKEN);            }            String url = String.format(wxConfiguration.getWxAccessTokenUrl(), wxConfiguration.getAppId(), wxConfiguration.getSecret());            JSONObject resJson = httpUtils.stringGetJson(url);            if (resJson != null && StringUtils.isNotEmpty(resJson.getString("access_token"))) {                accessTokenJson = this.seAccessToken(resJson);            }            if (accessTokenJson == null) {                try {                    throw new Exception();                } catch (Exception e) {                    log.error("设置access_token缓存失败");                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }            //放入缓存中            accessTokenMap.put(key, accessTokenJson);            JSONObject accessTokenJsonRes = (JSONObject) accessTokenJson.get(KEY_TOKEN);            if (accessTokenJsonRes == null) {                try {                    throw new Exception();                } catch (Exception e) {                    log.error("获取access_token错误");                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }            return accessTokenJsonRes;        }    }    //设置access_token    private Map<String, Object> seAccessToken(JSONObject jsonObject) {        Map<String, Object> token = Maps.newHashMap();        // 减去3分钟，以免过时        token.put(KEY_EXPIRES_IN, (jsonObject.getLongValue("expires_in") - 3 * 60) * 1000 + System.currentTimeMillis());        token.put(KEY_TOKEN, jsonObject);        return token;    }}

效果

发送测试

微信公众号接收效果

来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45956838/article/details/129925772