Java中Cron表达式的生成解析和计算的工具类

Java中Cron表达式的生成解析和计算的工具类

• • 1. 生成表达式
  • 2. 解析表达式
  • 3. 计算表达式执行日期
  • 4. 测试
  • 5. 完整代码

本文介绍通过java生成cron表达式，解析表达式，计算表达式执行日期

1. 生成表达式

public static String createCronExpression(CronModel cronModel){        StringBuilder cronExp = new StringBuilder();        if(null == cronModel.getJobType()) {            System.out.println("执行周期未配置" );//执行周期未配置        }        if (null != cronModel.getSecond()                && null != cronModel.getMinute()                && null != cronModel.getHour()) {            //秒            cronExp.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append(" ");            //分            cronExp.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append(" ");            //小时            cronExp.append(cronModel.getHour()).append(" ");            //每天            if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){                //12 12 12 1/2 * ? *                //12 12 12 * * ?                if(cronModel.getBeApart()!=null){                    cronExp.append("1");//日                    cronExp.append("/");                    cronExp.append(cronModel.getBeApart()+1);//月                    cronExp.append(" ");                    cronExp.append("* ");                    cronExp.append("?");                }else {                    cronExp.append("* ");//日                    cronExp.append("* ");//月                    cronExp.append("?");                }            }            //按每周            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){                //一个月中第几天                cronExp.append("? ");                //月份                cronExp.append("* ");                //周                Integer[] weeks = cronModel.getDayOfWeeks();                for(int i = 0; i < weeks.length; i++){                    if(i == 0){                        cronExp.append(weeks[i]);                    } else{                        cronExp.append(",").append(weeks[i]);                    }                }            }            //按每月            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue()== 2){                //一个月中的哪几天                Integer[] days = cronModel.getDayOfMonths();                for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){                    if(i == 0){                        if(days[i]==32){//本月最后一天String endMouthCron="0 0 0 L * ?";return endMouthCron;                        }else {cronExp.append(days[i]);                        }                    } else{                        cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]);                    }                }                //月份                cronExp.append(" * ");                //周                cronExp.append("?");            }            //按每年            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue()== 4){                //一个年中的哪几天                Integer[] days = cronModel.getDayOfMonths();                if(ArrayUtil.isEmpty(days)){                    cronExp.append("*");                }else{                    for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){                        if(i == 0){cronExp.append(days[i]);                        } else{cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]);                        }                    }                }                //月份                Integer[] months = cronModel.getMonths();                if (ArrayUtil.isEmpty(months)) {                    cronExp.append(" *");                }else{                    for (int i = 0; i < months.length; i++){                        Integer month = months[i];                        if (month > 12){throw new RuntimeException("月份数据异常: "+ Arrays.toString(months));                        }                        if(i == 0){cronExp.append(" ").append(month);                        }else{cronExp.append(",").append(month);                        }                    }                }                cronExp.append(" ?");            }            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 0){                cronExp.append("* ");//日                cronExp.append("* ");//月                cronExp.append("?");//周            }        }        return cronExp.toString();    }

public static String createLoopCronExpression(int rate, int cycle) {        String cron = "";        switch (rate) {            case 0:// 每cycle秒执行一次                cron = "0/" + cycle + " * * * * ?";                break;            case 1:// 每cycle分钟执行一次                cron = "0 0/" + cycle + " * * * ?";                break;            case 2:// 每cycle小时执行一次                cron = "0 0 0/" + cycle + " * * ?";                break;            case 3:// 每cycle天的0点执行一次                cron = "0 0 0 1/" + cycle + " * ?";                break;            case 4:// 每cycle月的1号0点执行一次                cron = "0 0 0 1 1/" + cycle + " ? ";                break;            case 5://  每天cycle点执行一次                cron = "0 0 " + cycle+ "  * * ?";                break;            default:// 默认每cycle秒执行一次                cron = "0/1 * * * * ?";                break;        }        return cron;    }

2. 解析表达式

    public static String createDescription(CronModel cronModel){        StringBuffer description = new StringBuffer("");        //计划执行开始时间//      Date startTime = cronModel.getScheduleStartTime();        if (null != cronModel.getSecond()                && null != cronModel.getMinute()                && null != cronModel.getHour()) {            //按每天            if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){                Integer beApart = cronModel.getBeApart();                if(beApart !=null){                    description.append("每间隔").append(beApart).append("天");                }else{                    description.append("每天");                }                description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时");                description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分");                description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒");                description.append("执行");            }            //按每周            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){                if(cronModel.getDayOfWeeks() != null && cronModel.getDayOfWeeks().length > 0) {                    String days = "";                    for(int i : cronModel.getDayOfWeeks()) {                        days += "周" + i;                    }                    description.append("每周的").append(days).append(" ");                }                if (null != cronModel.getSecond()                        && null != cronModel.getMinute()                        && null != cronModel.getHour()) {                    description.append(",");                    description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时");                    description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分");                    description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒");                }                description.append("执行");            }            //按每月            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 2){                //选择月份                if(cronModel.getDayOfMonths() != null && cronModel.getDayOfMonths().length > 0) {                    String days = "";                    for(int i : cronModel.getDayOfMonths()) {                        days += i + "号";                    }                    description.append("每月的").append(days).append(" ");                }                description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时");                description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分");                description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒");                description.append("执行");            }        }        return description.toString();    }

3. 计算表达式执行日期

需要引入quartz依赖

<dependency>    <groupId>quartz</groupId>    <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>    <version>1.5.2</version></dependency>

    public static List<String> getCronNextTimes(String cronExpress,Integer num){        if(StrUtil.isEmpty(cronExpress)){            throw new RuntimeException("cron 表达式不能为空");        }        //判断cron表达式        if(!CronSequenceGenerator.isValidExpression(cronExpress)){            throw new RuntimeException("cron 表达式格式不正确,cron: "+cronExpress);        }        if(num == null || num == 0){            num = 1;        }        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();        CronTrigger cronTrigger = new CronTrigger();        try {            cronTrigger.setCronExpression(cronExpress);        } catch (ParseException e) {            throw new RuntimeException("cron表达式不正确,cron: "+cronExpress);        }        List<Date> dates = TriggerUtils.computeFireTimes(cronTrigger, null, num);        String fORMat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";        for (Date date : dates) {            list.add(DateUtil.format(date,format));        }        return list;    }

4. 测试

public static void main(String[] args) {        CronModel cronModel = new CronModel();        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.DAY);//按每天        //每隔几天执行        cronModel.setBeApart(1);        String cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel);        System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel));        //执行时间：每天的12时12分12秒 end        System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5));        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.WEEK);//每周的哪几天执行        Integer[] dayOfWeeks = new Integer[3];        dayOfWeeks[0] = 1;        dayOfWeeks[1] = 2;        dayOfWeeks[2] = 3;        cronModel.setDayOfWeeks(dayOfWeeks);        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.WEEK);        cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel);        System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel));        System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5));        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.MONTH);//每月的哪几天执行        Integer[] dayOfMonths = new Integer[3];        dayOfMonths[0] = 1;        dayOfMonths[1] = 21;        dayOfMonths[2] = 13;        cronModel.setDayOfMonths(dayOfMonths);        cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel);        System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel));        System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5));        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.EVERY);//每天的几点几分几秒开始        cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel);        System.out.println(cropExp);        System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5));    }

5. 完整代码

gitee地址:

https://gitee.com/zhenglm/tools.git

public enum JobEnum {    EVERY("每天",0),    DAY("日",1),    MONTH("月",2),    WEEK("周",3),    YEAR("年",4),    ;    JobEnum(String name,Integer value) {        this.name = name;        this.value = value;    }    private final String name;    private final Integer value;    public Integer getValue() {        return value;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }}

public class CronModel {    Integer[] dayOfWeeks;    Integer[] dayOfMonths;    Integer[] months;    Integer second;    Integer minute;    Integer hour;        JobEnum jobType;        Integer beApart;    public Integer[] getDayOfWeeks() {        return dayOfWeeks;    }    public void setDayOfWeeks(Integer[] dayOfWeeks) {        this.dayOfWeeks = dayOfWeeks;    }    public Integer[] getDayOfMonths() {        return dayOfMonths;    }    public void setDayOfMonths(Integer[] dayOfMonths) {        this.dayOfMonths = dayOfMonths;    }    public Integer[] getMonths() {        return months;    }    public void setMonths(Integer[] months) {        this.months = months;    }    public Integer getSecond() {        return second == null ? 0 : second;    }    public void setSecond(Integer second) {        this.second = second;    }    public Integer getMinute() {        return minute == null ? 0 : minute;    }    public void setMinute(Integer minute) {        this.minute = minute;    }    public Integer getHour() {        return hour==null ? 0 : hour;    }    public void setHour(Integer hour) {        this.hour = hour;    }    public JobEnum getJobType() {        return jobType == null ? JobEnum.DAY : jobType;    }    public void setJobType(JobEnum jobType) {        this.jobType = jobType;    }    public Integer getBeApart() {        return beApart;    }    public void setBeApart(Integer beApart) {        this.beApart = beApart;    }}

public class CronUtil {            public static List<String> getCronNextTimes(String cronExpress,Integer num){        if(StrUtil.isEmpty(cronExpress)){            throw new RuntimeException("cron 表达式不能为空");        }        //判断cron表达式        if(!CronSequenceGenerator.isValidExpression(cronExpress)){            throw new RuntimeException("cron 表达式格式不正确,cron: "+cronExpress);        }        if(num == null || num == 0){            num = 1;        }        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();        CronTrigger cronTrigger = new CronTrigger();        try {            cronTrigger.setCronExpression(cronExpress);        } catch (ParseException e) {            throw new RuntimeException("cron表达式不正确,cron: "+cronExpress);        }        List<Date> dates = TriggerUtils.computeFireTimes(cronTrigger, null, num);        String format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";        for (Date date : dates) {            list.add(DateUtil.format(date,format));        }        return list;    }        public static String createCronExpression(CronModel cronModel){        StringBuilder cronExp = new StringBuilder();        if(null == cronModel.getJobType()) {            System.out.println("执行周期未配置" );//执行周期未配置        }        if (null != cronModel.getSecond()                && null != cronModel.getMinute()                && null != cronModel.getHour()) {            //秒            cronExp.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append(" ");            //分            cronExp.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append(" ");            //小时            cronExp.append(cronModel.getHour()).append(" ");            //每天            if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){                //12 12 12 1/2 * ? *                //12 12 12 * * ?                if(cronModel.getBeApart()!=null){                    cronExp.append("1");//日                    cronExp.append("/");                    cronExp.append(cronModel.getBeApart()+1);//月                    cronExp.append(" ");                    cronExp.append("* ");                    cronExp.append("?");                }else {                    cronExp.append("* ");//日                    cronExp.append("* ");//月                    cronExp.append("?");//周                }            }            //按每周            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){                //一个月中第几天                cronExp.append("? ");                //月份                cronExp.append("* ");                //周                Integer[] weeks = cronModel.getDayOfWeeks();                for(int i = 0; i < weeks.length; i++){                    if(i == 0){                        cronExp.append(weeks[i]);                    } else{                        cronExp.append(",").append(weeks[i]);                    }                }            }            //按每月            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue()== 2){                //一个月中的哪几天                Integer[] days = cronModel.getDayOfMonths();                for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){                    if(i == 0){                        if(days[i]==32){//本月最后一天String endMouthCron="0 0 0 L * ?";return endMouthCron;                        }else {cronExp.append(days[i]);                        }                    } else{                        cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]);                    }                }                //月份                cronExp.append(" * ");                //周                cronExp.append("?");            }            //按每年            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue()== 4){                //一个年中的哪几天                Integer[] days = cronModel.getDayOfMonths();                if(ArrayUtil.isEmpty(days)){                    cronExp.append("*");                }else{                    for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){                        if(i == 0){cronExp.append(days[i]);                        } else{cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]);                        }                    }                }                //月份                Integer[] months = cronModel.getMonths();                if (ArrayUtil.isEmpty(months)) {                    cronExp.append(" *");                }else{                    for (int i = 0; i < months.length; i++){                        Integer month = months[i];                        if (month > 12){throw new RuntimeException("月份数据异常: "+ Arrays.toString(months));                        }                        if(i == 0){cronExp.append(" ").append(month);                        }else{cronExp.append(",").append(month);                        }                    }                }                cronExp.append(" ?");            }            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 0){                cronExp.append("* ");//日                cronExp.append("* ");//月                cronExp.append("?");//周            }        }        return cronExp.toString();    }        public static String createDescription(CronModel cronModel){        StringBuffer description = new StringBuffer("");        //计划执行开始时间//      Date startTime = cronModel.getScheduleStartTime();        if (null != cronModel.getSecond()                && null != cronModel.getMinute()                && null != cronModel.getHour()) {            //按每天            if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){                Integer beApart = cronModel.getBeApart();                if(beApart !=null){                    description.append("每间隔").append(beApart).append("天");                }else{                    description.append("每天");                }                description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时");                description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分");                description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒");                description.append("执行");            }            //按每周            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){                if(cronModel.getDayOfWeeks() != null && cronModel.getDayOfWeeks().length > 0) {                    String days = "";                    for(int i : cronModel.getDayOfWeeks()) {                        days += "周" + i;                    }                    description.append("每周的").append(days).append(" ");                }                if (null != cronModel.getSecond()                        && null != cronModel.getMinute()                        && null != cronModel.getHour()) {                    description.append(",");                    description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时");                    description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分");                    description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒");                }                description.append("执行");            }            //按每月            else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 2){                //选择月份                if(cronModel.getDayOfMonths() != null && cronModel.getDayOfMonths().length > 0) {                    String days = "";                    for(int i : cronModel.getDayOfMonths()) {                        days += i + "号";                    }                    description.append("每月的").append(days).append(" ");                }                description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时");                description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分");                description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒");                description.append("执行");            }        }        return description.toString();    }        public static String createLoopCronExpression(int rate, int cycle) {        String cron = "";        switch (rate) {            case 0:// 每cycle秒执行一次                cron = "0/" + cycle + " * * * * ?";                break;            case 1:// 每cycle分钟执行一次                cron = "0 0/" + cycle + " * * * ?";                break;            case 2:// 每cycle小时执行一次                cron = "0 0 0/" + cycle + " * * ?";                break;            case 3:// 每cycle天的0点执行一次                cron = "0 0 0 1/" + cycle + " * ?";                break;            case 4:// 每cycle月的1号0点执行一次                cron = "0 0 0 1 1/" + cycle + " ? ";                break;            case 5://  每天cycle点执行一次                cron = "0 0 " + cycle+ "  * * ?";                break;            default:// 默认每cycle秒执行一次                cron = "0/1 * * * * ?";                break;        }        return cron;    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        CronModel cronModel = new CronModel();        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.DAY);//按每天        //每隔几天执行        cronModel.setBeApart(1);        String cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel);        System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel));        //执行时间：每天的12时12分12秒 end        System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5));        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.WEEK);//每周的哪几天执行        Integer[] dayOfWeeks = new Integer[3];        dayOfWeeks[0] = 1;        dayOfWeeks[1] = 2;        dayOfWeeks[2] = 3;        cronModel.setDayOfWeeks(dayOfWeeks);        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.WEEK);        cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel);        System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel));        System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5));        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.MONTH);//每月的哪几天执行        Integer[] dayOfMonths = new Integer[3];        dayOfMonths[0] = 1;        dayOfMonths[1] = 21;        dayOfMonths[2] = 13;        cronModel.setDayOfMonths(dayOfMonths);        cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel);        System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel));        System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5));        cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.EVERY);//每天的几点几分几秒开始        cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel);        System.out.println(cropExp);        System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5));    }}

来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42202992/article/details/132085828