如何在PHP中实现封装性

class MyClass {
    public $publicVar;
    protected $protectedVar;
    private $privateVar;
    
    public function publicMethod() {
        // 可以在任何地方访问
    }
    
    protected function protectedMethod() {
        // 只能在当前类和子类中访问
    }
    
    private function privateMethod() {
        // 只能在当前类中访问
    }
}

class MyClass {
    private $name;
    
    public function getName() {
        return $this->name;
    }
    
    public function setName($name) {
        $this->name = $name;
    }
}

class MyClass {
    private $data = [];
    
    public function __get($name) {
        if (isset($this->data[$name])) {
            return $this->data[$name];
        } else {
            throw new Exception("Property '$name' does not exist.");
        }
    }
    
    public function __set($name, $value) {
        $this->data[$name] = $value;
    }
}

class Database {
    public function connect() {
        // 连接数据库
    }
    
    public function query($sql) {
        // 执行查询
    }
    
    public function close() {
        // 关闭数据库连接
    }
}

class DatabaseWrapper {
    private $database;
    
    public function __construct(Database $database) {
        $this->database = $database;
    }
    
    public function fetchData($sql) {
        $this->database->connect();
        $result = $this->database->query($sql);
        $this->database->close();
        
        return $result;
    }
}