oracle解锁用户时报错ORA-01109: database not open的解决办法

#复制ora文件
cd /usr/oracle/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile
ls
cp init.ora.313202010110 /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initORCL.ora

#修改内存大小
mount -o remount,size=13G /dev/shm
vim /etc/fstab
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults,size=13G        0 0 

#删除系统进程
cd /usr/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
ls sgadef*
ls lk*
rm lk*
ipcs -s
ipcrm -s 65537
ipcrm -s  ......

#启动进程
su - oracle
sqlplus "/as sysdba"

//shutdown immediate
startup