Android网络通讯之OkHttp

OkHttp是安卓上常用的网络请求框架，不止可以发送http请求，还可以发送Socket请求等。

• 内置了连接池，减少了请求延迟
• 支持缓存，减少重复的网络请求
• 支持Cookie存储
• 支持拦截器，可以对不同的请求做拦截处理
• 支持get、post等请求
• 支持文件上传下载
• 支持JSON请求
• 支持同步、异步处理

官网地址：https://square.GitHub.io/okhttp/

使用步骤

准备

在build.gradle中引入依赖implementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.10.0")

在AndroidManifest.xml中添加网络请求权限

一、在安卓程序中使用

创建httpClient

OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();

1、同步get请求

安卓程序中的网络请求必须异步处理，所以另外启动了一个线程

public void doGetSync(View view) {    new Thread(() -> {        Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/get?name=test&b=123").build();        try {            Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();            Log.d(TAG, "doGetSync: " + response.body().string());        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }).start();}

2、异步get请求

调用enqueue()方法，传入回调函数

public void doGetAsync(View view) {    Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/get?name=test&b=123").build();    okHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {        @Override        public void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {        }        @Override        public void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {            if (response.isSuccessful()) {                Log.d(TAG, "doGetAsync: " + response.body().string());            }        }    });}

3、同步post请求

post请求必须传入一个body参数，这里传入一个fORMBody

public void doPostSync(View view) {    new Thread(() -> {        FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", "test").add("b", "123").build();        Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/post")                .post(formBody).build();        try {            Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();            Log.d(TAG, "doPostSync: " + response.body().string());        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }).start();}

4、异步post请求

调用enqueue()方法，传入回调函数

public void doPostAsync(View view) {    FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", "test").add("b", "123").build();    Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/post")            .post(formBody).build();    okHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {        @Override        public void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {        }        @Override        public void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {            if (response.isSuccessful()) {                Log.d(TAG, "doPostAsync: " + response.body().string());            }        }    });}

二、拦截器使用

OkHttp中有两种添加拦截器的方法

• addInterceptor：先执行
• addNetworkInterceptor：后执行

public class InterceptorTest {    @Test    public void test() throws IOException {        OkHttpClient httpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()                .addInterceptor(chain -> {                    System.out.println("---Interceptor拦截器---");                    Request request = chain.request().newBuilder().addHeader("os", "android").addHeader("version", "1.0").build();                    return chain.proceed(request);                })                .addNetworkInterceptor(chain -> {                    System.out.println("---NetworkInterceptor拦截器---");                    String os = chain.request().header("os");                    System.out.println("os = " + os);                    return chain.proceed(chain.request());                }).build();        Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/get?name=test&b=123").build();        Response response = httpClient.newCall(request).execute();        System.out.println("response = " + response.body().string());    }}

打印输入内容：

---Interceptor拦截器------NetworkInterceptor拦截器---os = androidresponse = {  "args": {    "name": "test",     "b": "123"  },   "headers": {    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip",     "Host": "www.httpbin.org",     "Os": "android",     "User-Agent": "okhttp/4.10.0",     "Version": "1.0",     "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-636b6373-18b0b24d6539a83e489ab0c4"  },   "origin": "124.78.136.197",   "url": "https://www.httpbin.org/get?name=test&b=123"}

三、Cookie使用

在某些网站中请求需要携带cookie，在OKHttp中提供了较好的支持

通过cookiejar方法提供cookie支持逻辑处理

本示例代码使用www.wanandroid.com的开放接口，可以自行去注册一个账号用于测试

public class CookieTest {    @Test    public void test() throws IOException {        Map<String, List<Cookie>> cookies = new HashMap<>();        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder().cookieJar(new CookieJar() {            @Override            public void saveFromResponse(@NonNull HttpUrl httpUrl, @NonNull List<Cookie> list) {                cookies.put(httpUrl.host(), list);            }            @NonNull            @Override            public List<Cookie> loadForRequest(@NonNull HttpUrl httpUrl) {                List<Cookie> list = cookies.get(httpUrl.host());                return list == null ? new ArrayList<>() : list;            }        }).build();        // 登录接口        FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()                .add("username", "xxxxx")                .add("passWord", "xxxxx")                .build();        Request request = new Request.Builder()                .url("https://www.wanandroid.com/user/login")                .post(formBody)                .build();        Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();        System.out.println("response1 = " + response.body().string());        // 登录成功后，加载收藏列表        Request request1 = new Request.Builder()                .url("https://www.wanandroid.com/lg/collect/list/0/json")                .build();        response =  client.newCall(request1).execute();        System.out.println("response2 = " + response.body().string());    }}

来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/wlddhj/article/details/127772796